Orally administered marine (1→3)-β-d-glucan Phycarine stimulates both humoral and cellular immunity

Volný²,

Saraswat-Ohri³

et al. 2007

BIOMED PAP

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Background: Recent data showing that glucan elicited defense responses in grapevine and induced protection via induction of resveratrol production led us to evaluate the possible synergetic eff ects of glucan and resveratrol complex on immune reactions.Methods: We measured phagocytosis using HEMA particles, expression of cell surface markers via fl ow cytometry, expression of cytokines using ELISA, recovery after fl uouracil-induced leucopenia and eff ects on gene expression via RT-PCR.Results: Our results showed that both glucan and resveratrol complex stimulated phagocytosis of blood leukocytes, caused increase in surface expression of CD + splenocytes and showed higher restoration of spleen recovery after experimentally induced leucopenia. In all these cases, strong synergetic eff ects were observed. When we measured the eff ects of these substances on expression level of NF-κB2, Cdc42 and Bcl-2 in breast cancer cells, upregulation of Cdc42 expression was evident only using both immunomodulators in combination.Conlusions: In conclusion, our data suggest signifi cant synergy in stimulation of immune reactions and support further studies of these natural immunomodulators.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucan and resveratrol complex - possible synergistic effects on immune system

Volný²,

Saraswat-Ohri³

et al. 2007

BIOMED PAP

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“…Activation of macrophages and other professional phagocytes represents an element of more complicated processes, when mediator molecules secreted by them (such as IL-1, IL-9, or TNF-α) initiate inflammation reactions. Additional studies established that glucans also stimulate the humoral branch of immune reactions 21 . In addition, glucans were repeatedly shown to overcome the immunosuppression, caused by either irradiation or chemotherapy 21,22 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Β-Glucan-Indomethacin COMBINATION PRODUCES NO LETHAL EFFECTS

Větvičková²

2009

BIOMED PAP

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Background:The most important quality of β-glucans and the reason why so much attention has been devoted to them are their physiological effects. They are typical biological response modifiers with pronounced immunomodulating activity. However, some questions about possible side effects remain.Aim: Several papers reported the lethal side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in glucan-treated mice, probably due to the peritonitis by enteric bacteria. However, these results were never independently confirmed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate these claims using several different types of glucans.Methods: Effects of combined treatment with four different types of glucans and indomethacin were measured by evaluation of phagocytosis of HEMA particles by peripheral blood leukocytes and production of IL-6 in mouse serum. In addition, the level of blood glucose, colon length and survival after 30 days of treatment was measured.Results: Our finding showed that simultaneous treatment with glucan and indomethacin caused a small decrease of phagocytic activity and IL-2 production. Two other tested parameters-blood glucose levels and colon length-that had been found to be significantly affected by this treatment, were virtually unchanged. In the final, yet most important part of the study, we found absolutely no mortality, regardless of the type of glucan or the routes of glucan administration. Conclusion:No adverse negative effects due to simultaneous treatment with glucan and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug dose was found, despite testing two different routes of glucan administration and four different types of glucan.

“…Recently, glucans have been shown to stimulate not only the cellular branch of immune reactions, but also the antibody formation [29,30], leading to suggestions that glucan can be part of vaccination. In farmed animals such as fish or chicken, glucan inclusion in vaccine is already being intensively studied [31,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of immunological effects of commercially available β-glucans

Větvičková²

2014

Appl Sci Rep

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Biological and most of all immunological effects of natural immunomodulator glucan are already well established. However, since hundreds of individual glucans, isolated from various sources, used at different concentrations and having different physicochemical characteristics are being used, the current scientific knowledge is not complete. In addition, direct comparisons of individual glucans are quite rare. In the present paper, we tested fifteen varieties of glucans differing in source and solubility. Whereas no direct connection between source and immunological effects was found, we can conclude that the best glucans have pleiotropic effects stimulating all facets of immunological reactions, whereas other glucans have low effects or none at all.