Oral myeloid sarcoma as an uncommon manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia

Wang, Diana; He, Karen Y.; Sroussi, Hervé; Treister, Nathaniel S.; Luskin, Marlise R.; Villa, Alessandro; Woo, Sook‐Bin; Shazib, Muhammad Ali

doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2021.01.017

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Xerostomia, ulceration and increased dental caries are due to the change in salivary flow and its ability to buffer [ 11 , 12 ]. Oxidative stress can play an important role in malignancies that lead to the development of inflammatory oral pathologies [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Dental Resin-Based Composites in Leukemia Saliva: An In Vitro Analysis

et al. 2021

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Background: The aim was to analyze, in vitro, four resin based composite systems (RBCs) immersed in saliva of leukemia patients before starting chemotherapy regiments. Material and methods: Saliva was collected from 20 patients (4 healthy patients, 16 leukemia patients). Resin disks were made for each RBC and were immersed in the acute leukemia (acute lymphocytic (ALL), acute myeloid (AML)), chronic leukemia (chronic lymphocytic (CLL), chronic myeloid (CML)), Artificial saliva and Control environment, and maintained for seven days. At the end of the experiment, the characteristics and the effective response of saliva from the studied salivas’ on RBCs was assessed using water sorption, water solubility, residual monomer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data analysis was performed and a p-value under 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The behaviour of RBCs in different immersion environments varies according to the characteristics of the RBCs. RBCs with a higher filler ratio have a lower water sorption. The solubility is also deteriorated by the types of organic matrix and filler; the results of solubility being inversely proportional on the scale of negative values compared to sorption values. Chromatograms of residual monomers showed the highest amount of unreacted monomers in ALL and AML, and the Control and artificial saliva environments had the smallest residual monomer peaks. Because of the low number of differences between the experimental conditions, we further considered that there were no important statistical differences between experimental conditions and analysed them as a single group. Conclusion: The influence of saliva on RBCs depends on the type of leukemia; acute leukemia influenced the most RBCs by changing their properties compared to chronic leukemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Dental Resin-Based Composites in Leukemia Saliva: An In Vitro Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Myeloid sarcoma is de ned as an isolated extramedullary tumor without bone marrow involvement, a concomitant hematologic malignancy, or the rst manifestation of relapse [7].Myeloid or granulocytic sarcoma, also known as chloroma due to its greenish surface color, is uncommon and di cult to detect [8].Burns described it in 1811, and King called it "chloroma" because of its greenish appearance when exposed to air, caused by the presence of myeloperoxidase in tumor cells [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral cavity, skin, lymph nodes, bone (subperiosteal region), soft tissue, orbit and eyes, bronchi, pericardium, peritoneum, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, female reproductive system, breast, bladder, and mediastinum are all possible sites for myeloid sarcoma [10]. Intraoral myeloid sarcoma is extremely rare [3,] with a reported prevalence of 0.02-1.2% [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the majority of myeloid sarcomas, which typically affect the skin, bones, and gastrointestinal tract, intraoral myeloid sarcoma is uncommon [3] and its prevalence ranges from 0.02-1.2% [7], which may make it di cult for dentists and doctors to diagnose and treat patients because of the low incidence mentioned in the literature. The most commonly affected areas are the maxillary and mandibular gums, and a physical examination reveals a localized, lone, painless or moderately painful tumor to be myeloid sarcoma.The tumor mass frequently has a surface ulceration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraoral Myeloid Sarcoma as an Early Manifestation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report and Literature Review

Grossi

França

Rubira

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: When acute myeloid leukemia first manifests, during treatment, or after relapsing, immature myeloid cells make up the extramedullary tumor known as oral myeloid sarcoma (AML). This article's goals are to evaluate instances that have been reported in the literature and to present the clinical characteristics of oral myeloid sarcoma. Case presentation: This case involves a 45-year-old male patient who reported considerable pain and spontaneous bleeding in the vestibular gingiva on the left side, next to the upper premolars. The clinical findings of AML included petechiae in the area of the patient's lower limbs due to thrombocytopenia, which was confirmed in the CBC, in addition to the patient's presenting symptoms of fever, weakness, bodily aches, and diarrhea. A week before to his hospital admission, he started experiencing these symptoms. The initial lab findings showed that there were 231,410 total leukocytes/mm3, 27,000 platelets/mm3, 3.39 million mm/mm3 of red blood cells, and 222,154 circulating blasts, or 96% of total leukocytes. Myelography performed shortly after admission to the hospital showed the presence of cancerous cells, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of AML. Even though PAX-5, CD20, TDT, and CD3 were all negative, myeloperoxidase was positive. Conclusion: We draw the conclusion that oral myeloid sarcoma is uncommon and that it is challenging for both doctors and dentists to diagnose and treat.

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Intraoral myeloid sarcoma presenting as toothache and gingival mass

et al. 2022

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A female patient in her 70s with a medical history of myelodysplastic neoplasm presented to the outpatient department with a 4-month history of toothache, painful gingival swelling and loose teeth that required extractions. Intraoral examination revealed a swelling in the lower anterior portion of the mandible, which displaced her teeth. Incisional biopsy of the gingival lesion revealed dense aggregates of atypical round cells which stained positive for CD43, CD45, CD33 and myeloperoxidase, consistent with myeloid sarcoma. Subsequent bone marrow biopsy displayed hypercellular marrow with immature myeloid elements and 21% myeloblasts by flow cytometry, compatible with diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The patient initially went into remission after treatment but later died of AML relapse after 18 months.

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Oral myeloid sarcoma as an uncommon manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia

Cited by 5 publications

References 75 publications

Characteristics of Dental Resin-Based Composites in Leukemia Saliva: An In Vitro Analysis

Characteristics of Dental Resin-Based Composites in Leukemia Saliva: An In Vitro Analysis

Intraoral Myeloid Sarcoma as an Early Manifestation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report and Literature Review

Intraoral myeloid sarcoma presenting as toothache and gingival mass

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