Oral 'hairy' leukoplakia associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: report of two cases

Wray, D. Walter; Moody, G H; McMillan, A

doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4805968

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The findings of the present survey confirmed that all risk groups presented hairy leukoplakia with similar frequency; homosexuals (39%)), bisexuals (50%), heterosexuals (53%), and transfusion recipients (47%), as it has been described recently in the literature (32)(33)(34)(35)(36). In this work, all the cases of hairy leukoplakia were found on the border of the tongue and bilaterally in the majority of the cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Oral lesions in Mexican HIV‐infected patients

Ramírez

González

Rosa

et al. 1990

J Oral Pathology Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One hundred and twenty-five HIV-infected patients, of whom 49 (39%) were at early stages of the infection (CDC-II & III) and 76 (61%) in CDC IV, were prospectively examined. In 100 (80%) one or more oral mucosal lesions were observed; candidiasis (51%) and hairy leukoplakia (43%) were the commonest. Erythematous candidiasis was more often seen (35%) than the pseudomembranous type (16%), and appeared with the higher values at early than later stages. The prevalence of hairy leukoplakia, oral hyperpigmentation and xerostomia were incremented in groups CDC-IV. Pseudomembranous candidiasis and exfoliative cheilitis increased significantly with severity of disease. Our study demonstrates that oral alterations associated to HIV are a frequent finding, both at early (76%) and late (83%) stages of the infection in Mexican patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Oral lesions in Mexican HIV‐infected patients

Ramírez

González

Rosa

et al. 1990

J Oral Pathology Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lesions cannot be rubbed off and are reported to be usually symptomless. Hairy leukoplakia has so far not been observed in other mucosal areas than the oral (2), During recent years a number of HL cases either as case reports or larger series have been reported from various areas of the USA, Europe and Africa (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), While HL was initially observed in male homo-or bisexual men, it has now been shown to occur, though less often, in all HIV risk groups; hemophiliacs (4,8,21), drug abusers (6, 10, 17), blood transfusion recipients (21) and female partners of HIV-infected men (21). Recently, HL has been described in an HIV-negative patient with acute myeIoblastic leukemia (22) and an HIVnegative renal transplant patient (23), suggesting that HL is not a specific lesion associated to the HIV-infection, but may be a sign of immunosuppression in general.…”

Section: Clinical Features and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral hairy leukoplakia: observations in 95 cases and review of the literature

Reichart

Langford

Gelderblom

et al. 1989

J Oral Pathology Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oral hairy leukoplakia; observations in 95 cases and review of the literature, J Oral Pathol Med 1989; 18; 410-415. Oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) was observed in 25.4% of 373 HIV-seropositive patients (« = 95). 87 were men of an average age of 37.1 yr, 8 were women (30,3 yr). 71.6% of the patients were male homosexuals. At initial diagnosis of HL the majority of cases was elassified as CDC IVc, (45,3%) and CDC II (22,1%), Average CD4/CD8 ratio {n = 19) was 0,24 with a range of 0,04-1,0, Thirty biopsies of HL revealed some of the histologic features thought to be characteristic. In only 20 of 30 biopsies EB-virus-specific-capsid antigen was detected. The problems of clinical and histological diagnosis of HL are discussed. Further strict criteria are necessary in order to define HL more ' distinctly. Three years after the first patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reported in 1981, oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) was described (1). Clinical features and epidemiologyOral hairy leukoplakia is clinically characterized as a white lesion of the lateral border of the tongue, occasionally also occurring in the buccal mucosa with slightly raised, poorly demarcated and corrugated "hairy" surface. Lesions cannot be rubbed off and are reported to be usually symptomless. Hairy leukoplakia has so far not been observed in other mucosal areas than the oral (2), During recent years a number of HL cases either as case reports or larger series have been reported from various areas of the USA, , While HL was initially observed in male homo-or bisexual men, it has now been shown to occur, though less often, in all HIV risk groups; hemophiliacs (4, 8, 21), drug abusers (6, 10, 17), blood transfusion recipients (21) and female partners of HIV-infected men (21). Recently, HL has been described in an HIV-negative patient with acute myeIoblastic leukemia (22) and an HIVnegative renal transplant patient (23), suggesting that HL is not a specific lesion associated to the HIV-infection, but may be a sign of immunosuppression in general.Prevalence rates of HL vary considerably. Four out of 23 patients with antibodies against HIV revealed HL (17.5%) (24), Among 115 HIV-seropositive patients 13% revealed HL (25). Among HIV-seronegative male homosexuals {n = 492) 1% demonstrated HL (25). Of a total of 375 homosexual men 28% had developed HL; it occurred in 23% of the AIDS cases, in 9% of the ARC cases and 47% in high risk persons (9), In a study from Berlin, 26% of ARC patients had HL (6). In Copenhagen, 32% of 69 seropositive asymptomatic patients, 36% and 46% of ARC and AIDS patients revealed HL (26), Low prevalenee rates were reported from New York (5%) and Frankfurt (4,8%) (28), None of 30 hemophiliac patients with factor VIII or IX deficiencies revealed HL (29), In contrast, 23 of 120 consecutive patients belonging to the i.v, drug abusing risk group (19%) had developed HL (17), In a study on oral manifestations of AIDS in Tanzania 35% of 58 patients had developed HL, The male; female ratio in this cohort was 1,6 ; 1,0...

show abstract

“…Hairy leukoplakia (HL) is a condition that clinically appears as a white lesion on the oral mucosa, most commonly seen on the lateral tongue (Greenspan et al, 1984). It is almost always seen in immunocompromised patients, including HIV-positive individuals (Wray et al, 1986;Rindum et al, 1987;Ficarra et al, 1988), patients with acute Correspondence: Joel M Palefsky, Box 0126, Room M1203, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Tel: 001 415 476 1574, Fax: 001 415 476-0986, E-mail: joelpȰlabmed.ucsf.edu Received 2 July 1999; revised and accepted 3 November 1999 leukemia (Syrjanen et al, 1989), bone marrow transplant (Epstein et al, 1991) and solid organ transplant recipients (Greenspan et al, 1989;Macleod et al, 1990;Schmidt-Westhausen et al, 1990); although it has been reported in non-immunocompromised patients (Eisenberg et al, 1992;Felix et al, 1992;Lozada-Nur et al, 1994) Histologically, the features of this lesion include hyperparakeratinization, ballooning degeneration and perinuclear clearing in the prickle cell layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrin expression in oral hairy leukoplakia and normal tongue epithelium

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: To describe the expression of integrins in the epithelium of oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) and compare to that of normal lateral tongue epithelium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry to identify integrins (α2, a α5, α6, αv, β1) was performed, using a standard biotin‐streptavidin‐peroxidase technique on five clinically and histologically confirmed frozen biopsy specimens of HL and five normal lateral tongue control tissues. RESULTS: Expression of integrins α2, α3, α6, αv, β1 was seen both in HL epithelium and in normal control tissue.α5 expression was not seen in HL or in control tissue epithelium.α2 and α3 were expressed mainly in the basal and suprabasal layers; α6 expression was most intense on the basal surface of the basal cells, αv was expressed in the basal and suprabasal layers with more expression seen in the higher differentiated cell layers than the other integrins.β1 expression was seen in the basal and suprabasal layers only. No apparent difference between HL and normal oral mucosa was noted in the staining pattern of the various integrins. CONCLUSION: Integrins α2, α3, α6, αv, β1 are expressed in HL and the expression pattern is not different from that of normal oral mucosa.α5 is not expressed in HL or in normal oral epithelium.

show abstract

Oral 'hairy' leukoplakia associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: report of two cases

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Oral lesions in Mexican HIV‐infected patients

Oral lesions in Mexican HIV‐infected patients

Oral hairy leukoplakia: observations in 95 cases and review of the literature

Integrin expression in oral hairy leukoplakia and normal tongue epithelium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About