Oral Clonidine Pre-treatment and Diazepam/Meperidine Sedation

Hall, David; Tatakis, Dimitris N.; Walters, John D.; Rezvan, Ehsan

doi:10.1177/154405910608500915

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In a 2006 study by Hall et al ., oral clonidine was given as a presedation medicine (0.1 mg/35 kg or 0.2 mg in a 70‐kg person) in a randomized, crossover, placebo‐controlled clinical trial in 13 participants. In this study, clonidine significantly reduced total diazepam and postoperative analgesic dosages by 44% and 55%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonidine as a preoperative sedative

Henry

Raybould

Romond³

et al. 2018

Special Care in Dentistry

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The purpose of this study was to -examine the use of oral clonidine as a preoperative sedative prior to parenteral moderate sedation. Initially, four patients were given 0.2 mg oral clonidine but reduced to 0.1 mg clonidine due to -significant drops in blood pressure. Oral clonidine doses of 0.1 mg were then given to 19 patients preoperatively. In all these patients, blood pressure measurements decreased, but there were no significant differences in amounts of sedative agents needed in the clonidine group and the control group (N = 80). The conclusions reached suggest that clonidine has an advantage over other preoperative sedation agents in anxious patients exhibiting hypertension and tachycardia. However, the preop ideal dose required to reduce the amount of sedative drugs used as well as provide anxiolysis remains unknown. In further studies, different doses should be explored to determine what dosage of clonidine may offer hemodynamic protection as well as decrease sedative drugs needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonidine as a preoperative sedative

Henry

Raybould

Romond³

et al. 2018

Special Care in Dentistry

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“…Although clonidine plasma concentrations were not measured, clonidine has a half-life of 12 h it is therefore unlikely that it decreased over the sleep period. Clonidine dose was weight- based similar to previous studies (Hall et al, 2006) to avoid significant hypotension. Fourth, although 1 mmHg drop in CO 2 is small drop but it is sufficient to induce central hypopnea and /or apnoea in healthy humans (Badr et al, 1995; Xie et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of clonidine on breathing during sleep and susceptibility to central apnoea

Sankri-Tarbichi

Grullon

Badr

2013

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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We hypothesized that administration of clonidine would decrease the hypocapnic apnoeic threshold (HAT) and widen the CO2 reserve during non-REM sleep. Methods Ten healthy subjects (4 females) (age 22.3±3.0 years; BMI 25.5±3.4 kg/m2) were randomized to receive placebo or 0.1 mg/45Kg of clonidine on 2 separate nights. Ventilation and upper airway resistance were monitored during wakefulness and sleep. Two separate experiments were performed: Protocol 1 (n=8), CO2 reserve, HAT and HcVR were determined using non-invasive hyperventilation (NIV) to induce hypocapnia for at least 3 minutes; Protocol 2 (n=6), peripheral hypocapnic ventilatory response (HcVR) was determined by NIV using short (3 breaths) hyperventilation. Results Clonidine decreased the systolic blood pressure by 12±10 mmHg but did not affect baseline ventilation or upper airway resistance during wakefulness or sleep. Protocol (1), Clonidine was associated with decreased HAT relative to placebo (37.3±3.3 vs. 39.7±3.4 mmHg, P<0.05), increased CO2 reserve (-3.8±1.3 vs. -2.8±1.2 mmHg, P< 0.05), and decreased HcVR (1.6±0.6 vs. 2.5±1.3 L/min/mmHg, P<0.05). Protocol (2), administration of clonidine did not decrease peripheral HcVR compared to placebo (0.5±0.3 vs. 0.7±0.3 L/min/mmHg, P=NS). Conclusion Clonidine is associated with diminished susceptibility to hypocapnic central apnoea without significant effect on ventilation or upper airway mechanics. Reduced susceptibility to hypocapnic central apnoea is not explained by the peripheral chemoreceptor pathway. This suggests a central rather than a peripheral effect of clonidine on the susceptibility to hypocapnic central apnoea.

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“…La frecuencia cardíaca también mostró cifras inferiores, aunque en este caso con diferencias estadísticamente significativas [16].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Eficacia y seguridad de clonidina versus placebo para ansiedad en odontología

2013

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Introducción: para el control de la ansiedad en la atención odontológica existen diferentes estrategias. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la eficacia y la seguridad de la medicación con clonidina versus placebo, para disminuir la ansiedad y el dolor en la extracción de terceros molares. Métodos: ensayo clínico, placebo controlado, aleatorizado, triple ciego y diseño de grupos paralelos; participaron 40 pacientes sanos con edades entre 14 y 40 años, que serían sometidos a cirugía de terceros molares, con puntuación ≥ 13, según la escala de ansiedad dental modificada (mdas); 20 pacientes participaron por grupo y recibieron clonidina de 150 mcg, al control placebo. Se aleatorizaron por bloques balanceados y el enmascaramiento consistió en un tableteado uniforme. Desenlace primario: cambio en la ansiedad, según mdas; secundario: signos vitales, cambio en la escala del dolor y efectos secundarios. Resultados: la ansiedad disminuyó en ambos grupos, sin diferencias significativas entre el grupo clonidina y el grupo placebo (p = 0,704); en el grupo experimental disminuyó la presión media al compararla con la del grupo placebo (p = 0,033). Conclusión: la clonidina es segura, y aunque al compararla con el placebo no mostró diferencias significativas en disminución de la ansiedad, en el grupo que la recibió se observó un descenso en la presión arterial media, lo que puede reflejar menor ansiedad, si consideramos sus signos somáticos.

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Oral Clonidine Pre-treatment and Diazepam/Meperidine Sedation

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Clonidine as a preoperative sedative

Clonidine as a preoperative sedative

Effects of clonidine on breathing during sleep and susceptibility to central apnoea

Eficacia y seguridad de clonidina versus placebo para ansiedad en odontología

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