Oral Administration of a Medium Containing L-Citrulline-producing Live Bacteria Reduces Body Temperature in Chicks

Tran, Phuong V.; Phong, H.; Han, Guofeng; Bahry, Mohammad A.; Yang, Hui; Chowdhury, Vishwajit S.; Furuse, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.2141/jpsa.0180136

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…First, we focused on L-Cit in WRE, but the body temperature-lowering effect of WRE could not be explained by L-Cit level in WRE. Tran et al (2019) also indicated that even when L-Cit was present at a low concentration in a medium containing L-Cit-producing live bacteria, the medium reduced the RT and surface body temperature of chicks upon acute oral or chronic administration. Tarazona-Díaz et al (2011) found that WR contains phenolic acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although 2 ml of WRE contained 0.004 mmol of L-Cit, which is lower than the effective L-Cit dose of 1.03 mmol (Chowdhury et al, 2015), administration of pure synthetic L-Cit (Chowdhury et al, 2015) and concomitant administration of Cit with other ingredients in the present study may have different effect on RT. In fact, acute or chronic administration of a medium containing L-Citproducing live bacteria reduced RT and surface body temperature in chicks even though the L-Cit level was low (Tran et al, 2019). WRE contains several free amino acids, as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Administration of Watermelon Rind Extract to Induce Hypothermia in Chicks

et al. 2020

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Oral administration of L-citrulline (L-Cit) caused hypothermia, but L-Cit is not recommended in poultry diets in Japan. Watermelon is a natural source of L-Cit. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of watermelon waste, i.e., watermelon rind (WR) on the body temperature and plasma free amino acids of chicks. In Experiment 1, 14-day-old chicks were subjected to acute oral administration of WR extract (WRE) (2 ml) under control thermoneutral temperature (CT). In Experiment 2, 15-day-old chicks were orally administered 1.6 ml of either WRE, lowdose L-Cit (7.5 mmol/10 ml), or high-dose L-Cit (15 mmol/10 ml) under CT. In both experiments, rectal temperature (RT) and plasma free amino acids were analyzed. In Experiment 3, after dual oral administration of (1.6 ml) WRE or L-Cit (15 mmol/10 ml), 15-day-old chicks were exposed to high ambient temperature (HT; 35±1℃, 2 h) to monitor changes in RT. Acute oral administration of WRE significantly reduced RT under CT. The degree of RT reduction by WRE was similar to that by high L-Cit. Moreover, RT was significantly low at HT owing to the oral administration of WRE. However, the reduced RT was difficult to explain by the content of Cit in WRE alone. In conclusion, WRE could be used as a dietary ingredient to reduce body temperature for imparting thermotolerance in chicks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Administration of Watermelon Rind Extract to Induce Hypothermia in Chicks

et al. 2020

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“…Oral administration of a medium containing live bacteria‐producing D‐Asp has also been found to reduce body temperature in chicks (Do et al, 2017). Therefore, a medium containing live bacteria producing L‐Cit was used to examine its effect on the regulation of body temperature under CT. Tran et al (2019) showed that the medium containing live bacteria producing L‐Cit significantly reduced both rectal and surface temperatures in chicks under CT. There was a significant interaction between treatment and time in the reduction of rectal and surface temperatures, with a pronounced reduction in body temperature occurring 60 min after the medium was administered.…”

Section: Alternative Sources Of Synthetic L‐citrulline In Thermoregul...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic oral administration of the medium was found to significantly reduce both rectal and surface temperature of chicks. However, when the equimolar amount of L‐Cit alone was administered, it was unable to reduce body temperature (Tran et al, 2019). Oral administration of a medium containing D‐Asp‐producing live bacteria has been found to reduce body temperature, as well as downregulating avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) and upregulating avian adenine nucleotide translocator (avANT) in the skeletal muscle of chicks treated with the medium (Do et al, 2017).…”

Section: Alternative Sources Of Synthetic L‐citrulline In Thermoregul...mentioning

confidence: 99%

L‐Citrulline: A novel hypothermic amino acid promoting thermotolerance in heat‐exposed chickens

Chowdhury

2023

Animal Science Journal

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With global warming becoming of increasing concern, poultry farms are experiencing a concomitant increase in heat stress. Chickens are very sensitive to high ambient temperature (HT), so the development of novel nutrients that will help deal with the challenge posed by heat stress is vital. We revealed that L‐citrulline (L‐Cit) can reduce body temperature in chickens. Orally administered L‐Cit solution has been found to provide heat tolerance in chickens and to result in reduced food intake. Heat exposure and oral administration of L‐Cit led to increased levels of plasma insulin, whereas heat stress led to a decline in plasma thyroxine. Dietary administration of L‐Cit was also shown to be effective to reduce heat stress in broiler chickens. Moreover, L‐Cit was found to be metabolized in the liver within 1 h of its administration, and in L‐Cit‐treated broiler chicks, the Cit‐Arginine cycle and the Krebs cycle were found to be active. L‐Cit has not yet been approved for inclusion in the poultry diet, so it is important to find alternative sources of L‐Cit. Taken together, these findings suggest that L‐Cit may serve as an important novel nutrient with the ability to produce heat tolerance in chickens under HT.

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