Optimizing Compensation Current to Minimize Underwater Electric Field of Ship

Xu, Qinglin; Wang, Xiangjun; Xu, Chen; Wang, Haiguang

doi:10.2528/pierm19110406

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…31 Heterostructures were assembled from combinations of hBN, tungsten diselenide (WSe 2 ) and tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ). Assemblies were obtained using one of three common fabrication techniques that rely on polymeric stamps: (1) PDMS all-dry transfer, 51 (2) waterassisted PDMS pick-up and transfer, [51][52][53][54] and 3polymer-assisted dry pick-up and transfer. 55 While the first two methods employed bare PDMS stamps, the third method used PCcoated PDMS stamps to create 2D materials-based vdWHs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Identification of Interlayer Contaminants within van der Waals Heterostructures

Schwartz

Chuang

Rosenberger

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) leverage the characteristics of two-dimensional (2D) material building blocks to create a myriad of structures with unique and desirable properties. Several commonly employed fabrication strategies rely on polymeric stamps to assemble layers of 2D materials into vertical stacks. However, the properties of such heterostructures frequently are degraded by contaminants, typically of unknown composition, trapped between the constituent layers. Such contaminants therefore impede studies of the intrinsic properties of heterostructures and hinder their application. Here, we use the photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) technique to obtain infrared spectra and maps of the contaminants down to a few attomoles and with nanoscale resolution. Heterostructures comprised of WSe 2 , WS 2 , and hBN layers were found to contain significant amounts of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polycarbonate, corresponding to the stamp materials used in their construction. Additionally, we verify that an atomic force microscope-based "nano-squeegee" technique is an effective method for locally removing contaminants by comparing spectra within as-fabricated and cleaned regions. Having identified the source of the contaminants, we demonstrate that cleaning PDMS stamps with isopropanol or toluene prior to vdWH fabrication reduces PDMS contamination within the structures. The general applicability of the PTIR technique for identifying the sources corrupting vdWHs provides *

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Identification of Interlayer Contaminants within van der Waals Heterostructures

Schwartz

Chuang

Rosenberger

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The salient features of the TR eigenstates of a single hydrogen molecule in the cages of the sII clathrate hydrate, notably the splittings of both the translational fundamental and rotational levels, as well as their manifestations in the inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra, have been characterized by Bačić and co-workers through quantum 5D bound-state calculations [12][13][14][15] and rigorous computations of the corresponding INS spectra. [15][16][17][18][19] Quantum TR dynamics of multiple hydrogen molecules in the large hydrate cage has been investigated by means of the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) 20 and path-integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations, 21 and also by fully coupled eigenstate-resolved calculations. [22][23][24] In all these calculations, the hydrogen-bonded clathrate hydrate framework was treated as rigid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H2, HD, and D2 in the small cage of structure II clathrate hydrate: Vibrational frequency shifts from fully coupled quantum six-dimensional calculations of the vibration-translation-rotation eigenstates

Lauvergnat

Felker

Scribano

et al. 2019

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We report the first fully coupled quantum six-dimensional (6D) bound-state calculations of the vibration-translation-rotation (VTR) eigenstates of a flexible H 2 , HD, and D 2 molecule confined inside the small cage of the sII clathrate hydrate embedded in larger hydrate domains with up to 76 H 2 O molecules, treated as rigid. Our calculations use a pairwise-additive 6D intermolecular potential energy surface (PES) for H 2 in the hydrate domain, based on an ab initio 6D H 2 -H 2 O pair potential for flexible H 2 and rigid H 2 O. They extend to the first excited (v = 1) vibrational state of H 2 , along with two isotopologues, providing a direct computation of vibrational frequency shifts. We show that obtaining a converged v = 1 vibrational state of the caged molecule does not require converging the very large number of intermolecular TR states belonging to the v = 0 manifold up to the energy of the intramolecular stretch fundamental (≈4100 cm −1 for H 2 ). Only a relatively modest-size basis for the intermolecular degrees of freedom is needed to accurately describe the vibrational averaging over the delocalized wave function of the quantum ground state of the system. For the caged H 2 , our computed fundamental translational excitations, rotational j = 0 → 1 transitions, and frequency shifts of the stretch fundamental are in excellent agreement with recent quantum 5D (rigid H 2 ) results [A. Powers et al.,

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“…Photoacoustic imaging provides depth penetration of several centimeters, sub-millimeter spatial resolution, and less than a second temporal resolution. [20][21][22] Photoacoustic imaging is not sensitive toward implanted stem cells alone, but through the use of exogenous contrast agents such as gold nanoparticles, 9,18,[23][24][25] carbon nanotubes, [26][27][28] and Prussian blue nanoparticles, 29 stem cells have been visualized using this technique. Gold nanoparticles in particular have shown low toxicity and good loading into stem cells for long-term cell tracking.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Photoacoustic Tracking of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Viability

2019

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Adult stem cell therapy has demonstrated improved outcomes for treating cardiovascular diseases in preclinical trials. The development of imaging tools may increase our understanding of the mechanisms of stem cell therapy, and a variety of imaging tools have been developed to image transplanted stem cells in vivo; however, they lack the ability to interrogate stem cell function longitudinally. Here, we report the use of a nanoparticle-based contrast agent that can track stem cell viability using photoacoustic imaging. The contrast agent consists of inert gold nanorods coated with IR775c, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensitive near-infrared dye. Upon cell death, stem cells produce ROS to degrade the cell. Using this feature of stem cells, the viability can be measured by comparing the IR775c signal to the ROS insensitive gold nanorod signal, which can also be used to track stem cell location. The nanoprobe was successfully loaded into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and then, MSCs were transplanted into the lower limb of a mouse and imaged using combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. MSC viability was assessed using the nanoprobe and displayed significant cell death within 24 h and an estimated 5% viability after 10 days. This nanoparticle system allows for longitudinal tracking of MSC viability in vivo with high spatial and temporal resolution which other imaging modalities currently cannot achieve.

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Optimizing Compensation Current to Minimize Underwater Electric Field of Ship

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Chemical Identification of Interlayer Contaminants within van der Waals Heterostructures

Chemical Identification of Interlayer Contaminants within van der Waals Heterostructures

H2, HD, and D2 in the small cage of structure II clathrate hydrate: Vibrational frequency shifts from fully coupled quantum six-dimensional calculations of the vibration-translation-rotation eigenstates

In Vivo Photoacoustic Tracking of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Viability

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