Optimized Fractional Order Integral-Tilt Derivative Controller for Frequency Regulation of Interconnected Diverse Renewable Energy Resources

Abstract

The interconnection of renewable energy systems, which are complex nonlinear systems, often results in power fluctuations in the interconnection line and high system frequency due to insufficient damping in extreme and dynamic loading situations. To solve this problem, load frequency control ensures nominal operating frequency and orderly fluctuation of grid interconnection power by delivering highquality electric power to energy consumers through efficient and intelligent control systems. To introduce the frequency control of power systems, this paper presents a novel control technique of Fractional Order Integral-Tilt Derivative with Filter (FOI-TDN) controller optimized by the current soft computing technique of hybrid Sine-Cosine algorithm with Fitness Dependent Optimizer (hSC-FDO). For more realistic analysis, practical constraints with nonlinear features, such as controller deadband, communication time delay, boiler dynamics, and generation rate constraint are embedded in the given system model. The proposed approach outperforms some recently developed heuristic approaches such as fitnessdependent optimizer, firefly algorithm, and particle swarm optimization for the interconnected power system of two areas with multiple generating units in terms of minimum undershoot, overshoot, and settling time. To improve the system performance, capacitive energy storage devices are used in each area and Thyristor control phase shifter is used in the interconnection line of the power system. The potential of the hSC-FDO-based FOI-TDN is demonstrated by comparing it with conventional FOTID/FOPID/PID controllers for two areas with multiple power generators IPS. Finally, a robustness analysis is performed to determine the robustness of the presented control system by varying the system loads and system parameters.

Load Frequency Stabilization of Distinct Hybrid Conventional and Renewable Power Systems Incorporated with Electrical Vehicles and Capacitive Energy Storage

“…In addition, the hydropower plant is subject to GRC constraints, which stipulate that the rates of increase and decrease are 270 percent pu/min (0.045 pu.MW/s) and 360 percent pu/min (0.06 pu.MW/s), respectively. Upon linearization, the GDB can be represented by the speed change and its rate of change, resulting in a Fourier series transfer function model that incorporates a 0.5 percent backlash [28,33]. The formulation of this model is as follows:…”

Cascaded Fractional-Order Controller-Based Load Frequency Regulation for Diverse Multigeneration Sources Incorporated with Nuclear Power Plant

“…The frequency variations of a two-area coupled PS can be diminished using a PIDD2 controller framework, which was also proposed by authors in [31]. Moreover, references [32,33] recommended the integral-(I-) tilt derivative (TD) and fractional-order (FO) I-TD controller for system frequency adaptation, respectively. The frequency effectiveness of the ID-T controller is superior to that of the TID controller [34].…”

Multi-resolution based PID controller for frequency regulation of a hybrid power system with multiple interconnected systems

“…Yet, these techniques face several obstacles, such as the collapse of local minima, death traps at local minima, the necessary for numerous iterations, and the dependence on initial requirements when determining the optimal parameters. For this reason, researchers have developed metaheuristic optimization techniques, such as the PSO (Jagatheesan et al, 2015), moth swarm algorithm (MSO) (Magdy et al, 2018), electric optimization algorithm (EOA) (Dahab et al, 2020), improved lightning attachment algorithm (ILAO) (Khamies et al, 2021), moth flame optimization (MFO) (Nandi et al, 2019), lightning attachment optimizer (LAO) (Mohamed et al, 2020), Fitness Dependent Optimizer (FDO) (Daraz et al, 2020a), path finder algorithm (PFA) (Priyadarshani et al 2020), genetic algorithm (GA) (Soleimani and Mazloum, 2018), hybrid teaching learningbased algorithm with pattern search (hTLBO-PS) (Dillip Khamari et al, 2020), hybridized sine cosine algorithm with FDO (hSCA-FDO) (Daraz et al, 2022), water cycle algorithm (WCA) (Kumari and Shankar, 2018) and hybridized DE with PS (Pradhan et al, 2021). Elkasem et al in (Elkasem et al, 2022) used the cascaded configuration of tilt derivative with tilt integral term controller to adjust their gains using improved form of chaos game algorithm.…”