Optimized biodiesel production and environmental assessment of produced biodiesel

Saqib, Muhammad; Mumtaz, M.; Mahmood, Asif; Abdullah, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s12257-011-0569-6

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The value of the adjusted determination coefficient (Adj. R 2 = 0.9416) is also very high which supports the model [18]. of temperature and mass ratio after 60 minutes of reaction.…”

Section: Glycerolysissupporting

confidence: 80%

Low Temperature Glycerolysis as a High FFA Pre-Treatment Method for Biodiesel Production

Kombe¹,

Temu²,

Rajabu³

et al. 2013

ACES

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A novel low temperature glycerolysis process for lowering free fatty acid (FFA) in crude jatropha oil for alkali catalyzed transesterification has been developed. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design was used to model and optimize the glycerolysis efficiency under three reaction variables namely; reaction time, temperature and glycerol to oil mass ratio. The optimum conditions for highest glycerolysis efficiency of 98.67% were found to be temperature of 65˚C, reaction time of 73 minutes and 2.24 g/g glycerol to oil mass ratio. These conditions lower the high free fatty acid of crude jatropha oil from 4.54% to 0.0654% which is below 3% recommended for alkali catalyzed transesterification. The pre-treated crude jatropha oil was then transesterified by using homogeneous base transesterification resulting to a conversion of 97.87%. The fuel properties of jatropha biodiesel obtained were found to be comparable to those of ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. The process can also utilize the crude glycerol from the transesterification reaction, hence lowering the cost of biodiesel. The glycerolysis is easier implemented than acid esterification thereby avoiding the need for neutralization and alcohol removal step.

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“…The value of the adjusted determination coefficient (Adj. R 2 = 0.9416) is also very high which supports the model [18]. of temperature and mass ratio after 60 minutes of reaction.…”

Section: Glycerolysissupporting

confidence: 80%

Low Temperature Glycerolysis as a High FFA Pre-Treatment Method for Biodiesel Production

Kombe¹,

Temu²,

Rajabu³

et al. 2013

ACES

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“…Biodiesel, one of the most important sources of renewable and clean energy worldwide, was first successfully produced in 1853 from vegetable oil, the first-generation biodiesel feedstock [1,2]. Second-generation biodiesel feedstock is derived from non-edible sources, such as oils from Millettia pinnata (L.) Panigrahi, Jatropha curcas L. and microalgae, solving the 'food versus fuel' dispute and decreasing production costs, especially the cost of raw materials [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis of metabolic pathways associated with oil accumulation in developing seed kernels of Styrax tonkinensis, a woody biodiesel species

Cao

Chen

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Background: Styrax tonkinensis (Pierre) Craib ex Hartwich has great potential as a woody biodiesel species having seed kernels with high oil content, excellent fatty acid composition and good fuel properties. However, no transcriptome information is available on the molecular regulatory mechanism of oil accumulation in developing S. tonkinensis kernels. Results: The dynamic patterns of oil content and fatty acid composition at 11 time points from 50 to 150 days after flowering (DAF) were analyzed. The percent oil content showed an up-down-up pattern, with yield and degree of unsaturation peaking on or after 140 DAF. Four time points (50, 70, 100, and 130 DAF) were selected for Illumina transcriptome sequencing. Approximately 73 million high quality clean reads were generated, and then assembled into 168,207 unigenes with a mean length of 854 bp. There were 5916 genes that were differentially expressed between different time points. These differentially expressed genes were grouped into 9 clusters based on their expression patterns. Expression patterns of a subset of 12 unigenes were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Based on their functional annotation through the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool and publicly available protein databases, specific unigenes encoding key enzymes, transmembrane transporters, and transcription factors associated with oil accumulation were determined. Three main patterns of expression were evident. Most unigenes peaked at 70 DAF, coincident with a rapid increase in oil content during kernel development. Unigenes with high expression at 50 DAF were associated with plastid formation and earlier stages of oil synthesis, including pyruvate and acetyl-CoA formation. Unigenes associated with triacylglycerol biosynthesis and oil body development peaked at 100 or 130 DAF.

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“…This reduction could be attributed to the soap Biodiesel production using waste cooking oil: a waste to energy conversion strategy formation which might have taken place during the washing process which is the consequence of the saturation of the catalyst pores. As a result, the ester layer could not have been separated properly due to the formation of emulsions of the soap with water (Saqib et al 2012). Transesterification can occur at different temperature ranges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel production using waste cooking oil: a waste to energy conversion strategy

Sodhi

Tripathi

Kundu

2017

Clean Techn Environ Policy

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In this study, biodiesel was produced using waste cooking oil that was discarded as a waste in the environment. The properties of the feedstock were determined using standard ASTM methods. The transesterification process was implemented to extract the biodiesel, and this process was optimized and standardized by selecting three different parameters: molar ratio (methanol:oil), catalyst concentration (KOH) and reaction temperature. The physicochemical properties of the biodiesel so produced were tested and analyzed using gas chromatography. Biodiesel and diesel were mixed in different volumetric ratios, and the exhaust emission characteristics of the blends were determined by testing the blends on a variable compression ratio engine. The study concluded that waste cooking oil has a great potential for waste to energy process. The highest yield of 93.8% was obtained by optimizing the process. Emission characteristics of CO for B50 blend showed a downward trend while NO x emission was found to be greater for blending ratios above 10%. B10 showed the best results pertaining to lower NO x and CO emissions.

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Optimized biodiesel production and environmental assessment of produced biodiesel

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Low Temperature Glycerolysis as a High FFA Pre-Treatment Method for Biodiesel Production

Low Temperature Glycerolysis as a High FFA Pre-Treatment Method for Biodiesel Production

Transcriptome analysis of metabolic pathways associated with oil accumulation in developing seed kernels of Styrax tonkinensis, a woody biodiesel species

Biodiesel production using waste cooking oil: a waste to energy conversion strategy

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