Optimization of Polyphenols Extraction Method from Kola Nuts (Cola nitida Vent. Schott &amp; Endl.) Using Experimental Design

Yves, Nyamien; Chatigre, Olivier; Koffi, Emmanuel N.; Adima, Augustin Amissa; Biego, Henri Marius Godi

doi:10.9734/bbj/2015/17030

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The analyzes of PAHs was conducted by using the method perfectly mastered and validated in accordance with the work of Kouadio et al [7]. Kolanuts were treated according to the method described by Nyamien et al [31].…”

Section: Mineralization and Analysis Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl) Daily Intake Exposure Risk from Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Rodrigue

Biego

Yves

et al. 2020

JALSI

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pervasive environmental pollutants of high toxicity. Due to their lipophilic characteristics, they tend to accumulate in the food chain. Human exposure to PAHs seems inevitable and the main route of exposure is food. The presence of PAHs in kolanut could cause serious health problem for consumers and slow down the export to new markets, which would constitute a significant shortfall for all actors in the kola sector.This study aimed to detrmined the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels in kolanuts and estimate the exposure risks of nuts consumption by Ivorian population. Samples were collected from farmers, rural collectors, urban stores in districts (Mountains, Comoe, Lagoons, Down-Sassandra) and big storage centers of Anyama and Bouake cities. Concentrations of 9 PAHs (B[a]P, B[b]F, B[a]A, CHR, FLA, B[k]F, D[ah]A, B[ghi]P and IcdP) were measured using an Adept brand High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with an ultraviolet (UV) / visible CE 4200 (CECIL) detector. Data showed the average concentration of PAHs in kolanuts at 1.22 ± 0.86 µg/kg. The PAHs concentrations expressed in BaP equivalent (BaPeq) ranging from 0.0009 ± 0.0003 µg/kg-BaPeq to 0.88 ± 0.24 µg/kg-BaPeq for B[ghi] P and D[ah]A. Based on the concentrations and the daily consumption of kolanuts estimated at 0.6 g/person in Côte d'Ivoire, the intakes values estimated of PAHs vary from 6.10-5 µg-BaPeq /day to 6.48.10-4 µg-BaPeq/day with an average of 3.06.10-4 ± 6.6.10-5 µg-BaPeq/day. The exposure daily doses (EDD) are all lower than the toxicity reference values (5 ng-BaPeq/kg BW/d). Thus, the occurrence of a toxic effect from PAHs after kolanuts consumption is very unlikely since the hazard quotient (HQ) are all less than 1. The risk of developing cancer is less than one case per 1,000,000 people.

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Section: Mineralization and Analysis Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assessment risk leads to the calculation of the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and the Exposure Daily Dose (EDD) from the average amount of 0.6 g per day of kolanuts consumed by an Ivorian adult [34,27]. The exposure scenarios where the individual is the most exposed have been used (maximalist assumption).…”

Section: Bapeq = σCn X Tefn (Eq 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl) Daily Intake Exposure Risk from Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Rodrigue

Biego

Yves

et al. 2020

JALSI

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“…The analyzes of heavy metals was conducted by using the method perfectly mastered and validated in accordance with the work of Kouadio et al [6]. Kolanuts were treated according to the method described by Nyamien et al [12].…”

Section: Mineralization and Analysis Of Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, it is source of bioactive and functional compounds such as polyphenols and caffeine which reflects an increasingly growing interest for industries [10,3]. Also, it is consumed for these stimulating and energizing properties, promoting the physical and psychic endurance of manual workers [11,12]. Thus, they are used in food industry for beverages production [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of Heavy Metals and Their Risk Assessment in Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl.) Collected from Cote d’Ivoire, West Africa

Rodrigue

Viviane

Assi

et al. 2020

EJNFS

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Background: Kolanut represents a significant economic interest for this country as well as many African households and public authorities. Despite its obvious importance, the sector of the kolanut is facing a delicate sanitary quality of the marketed product. The majority of the production (90%) of kola is consumed daily fresh by people and could cause a serious health problem for consumers if the toxicity due to heavy metals were proven. Aims: This study aimed to determine the heavy metals levels in kolanuts and estimate the risks of nuts consumption on population health in Côte d'Ivoire. Study Design: Samples were collected from farmers, rural collectors, urban stores in districts (Mountains, Comoe, Lagoons, Down-Sassandra) and big storage centers of Anyama and Bouake. Methodology: Concentrations of 3 heavy metals were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The analysis of lead and cadmium was performed in flame mode (Air / nitrogen), with an AAS type VARIAN SPECTRAA 110 provided the furnace GTA 110. While, the analysis of mercury was carried out in hydride mode with a SAA system equipped with a vaporization unit (VGA 77). Results: Results showed the presence of the 3 heavy metals in kolanuts samples, with concentrations ranging from 5.37 μg/kg to 11.21 μg/kg, 17.49 μg/kg to 51.01 μg/kg and 19.99 μg/kg to 40.35 μg/kg for lead, cadmium and mercury, respectively. Based on the concentrations and the daily consumption of kolanuts estimated at 0.6 g/person in Côte d'Ivoire, the intakes values estimated by heavy metals were 4.8.10-3 ± 4.9.10-4 µg/j, 1.3.10-2 ± 9.07.10-4 µg/j and 1.7.10-2 ± 1.99.10-3 µg/j for lead, cadmium and mercury, respectively. The exposure daily doses (EDD) are all lower than the toxicological reference values. Thus, the occurrence of a toxic effect from Pb (HQ = 1.94.10 -5 <1), Cd (HQ = 1.9.10 -4 <1) and Hg (HQ = 3.4.10 -4 < 1) after Kolanuts consumption is very unlikely since the HQ are all less than 1. Conclusion: Consumption of kolanuts from Côte d’Ivoire would not present any health risk for the consumer.

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“…Kolanuts is a natural plant that is good sources of vitamins, minerals natural polyphenols and substantial amounts of caffeine which provides a high free radical scavenger activity [1,2,3,4]. 90% of the production of fresh kolanuts is consumed daily by Western and Central African population in many sociocultural rituals such as weddings, baptisms, expressions of friendship, funerals and rituals of sacrifice [5,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorine Residues Levels in Some Selected Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Endl.) in Côte d’Ivoire

Viviane

Biego

Yves

et al. 2020

AJAAR

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Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the level of organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues in some selected kolanuts in Côte d’Ivoire. Study Design: Kolanuts samples were collected from farmers, collectors and urban stores in 3 regions, in particular western, southwestern and eastern of Côte d’Ivoire. Place and Duration of Study: Health Department of Hydrology Health and Toxicology, Training and Research Unit of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, running 2017-2018. Methodology: A total of 225 samples were analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. Results: Data showed that all 17 pesticides analyzed were detected in kolanuts samples. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference in OCPs sub-group used by farmers and traders in all producing region. The mean levels of HCHs, DDTs and cyclodienes were ranged from 0.07± 0.01– 0.91± 0.05 mg/kg, 0.15±0.01 – 0.61±0.12 mg/kg and 0.12±0.03 - 0.84±0.46 mg/kg, respectively. Otherwise, farmer’s levels of OCPs were lower than those detected in kolanuts from collectors and urban stores samples. Thus, compared to the MRL set by the World Health Organization/Food and Agricultural Organization, the farmer’s samples are lower than limits fixed, unlike the contents registered with collectors and urban stores. Conclusion: There is the need to keep monitoring ecotoxicological chemical substances in kolanuts produced in Côte d’Ivoire and take steps that ensure health safety of end users. Care should be taken since residues could pose chronic health risk for adults and children.

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Optimization of Polyphenols Extraction Method from Kola Nuts (Cola nitida Vent. Schott & Endl.) Using Experimental Design

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl) Daily Intake Exposure Risk from Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl) Daily Intake Exposure Risk from Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Levels of Heavy Metals and Their Risk Assessment in Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl.) Collected from Cote d’Ivoire, West Africa

Organochlorine Residues Levels in Some Selected Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Endl.) in Côte d’Ivoire

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