Optimal PMU placement using matrix modification based integer linear programming

Khare, Gaurav; Sahu, Nikhil; Sunitha, R

doi:10.1109/iccpct.2014.7054860

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Hence, in PMU deployment problem, these buses are treated as supernodes to improve the grid's observability with a reduced number of meters. This property of ZIBs can be incorporated in the PMU deployment problems by either adding another constraint in (8) or modifying the binary connectivity matrix (

boldA

) as explained in [35]. The elements of the binary connectivity matrix (

boldA

) will be modified as:

A_{i j} = \{\begin{matrix} left 1, & left when i^{th} and j^{th} buses are connected directly; \\ left 1, & left when i^{th} and j^{th} buses are connected through \\ left normala supernode/ZIB; \\ left 0, & left when i^{th} and j^{th} buses are neither connected \\ left directly, nor through normala supernode; \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategic Pmu Deployment Considering the Effect Of Zibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategic PMU placement to alleviate power system vulnerability against cyber attacks

Khare

Mohapatra

Singh

2021

Energy Conversion and Econom

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A strategic phasor measurement unit (PMU) placement scheme is proposed in this work to reduce the cyber vulnerability of the power system against cyber attacks. A multi-stage PMU placement strategy is developed to alleviate the power system vulnerability against the possible false data injection attacks using the forward dynamic programming to distribute the capital cost of PMUs over a time horizon. An index is also proposed to quantify the vulnerability of the nodes of a grid against false data injection attacks. This index is useful in selecting the optimal set of candidate buses for PMUs placement and prioritising the candidate buses for PMUs placement in a specific deployment stage. The proposed scheme will also ensure the critical observability of the grid in its first stage and increment in observability levels in subsequent stages. Simulation results are provided for IEEE 14bus, IEEE 39-bus, and IEEE 118-bus test systems, considering the impact of zero injection bBuses (ZIBs) on optimisation process, to justify the effectiveness of the proposed index and PMUs placement approach.

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boldA

) as explained in [35]. The elements of the binary connectivity matrix (

boldA

) will be modified as:

A_{i j} = \{\begin{matrix} left 1, & left when i^{th} and j^{th} buses are connected directly; \\ left 1, & left when i^{th} and j^{th} buses are connected through \\ left normala supernode/ZIB; \\ left 0, & left when i^{th} and j^{th} buses are neither connected \\ left directly, nor through normala supernode; \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategic Pmu Deployment Considering the Effect Of Zibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic PMU placement to alleviate power system vulnerability against cyber attacks

Khare

Mohapatra

Singh

2021

Energy Conversion and Econom

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…For a bus in a network to be topological observable, one of the following rules must be fulfilled [ 12 , 23 , 24 ]. The voltage phasor at a given bus and the current phasor of all the incident branches to the bus are all known if a PMU is connected to that bus.…”

Section: Power Systems Observability and Pmu Placement Rulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Unit considering System Observability Redundancy Index: case study of the Kenya power transmission network

Okendo¹,

Wekesa²,

Saulo³

2021

Heliyon

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Modern power systems require advanced monitoring and control, a capability made possible by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) aided by synchrophasor technology. Because PMUs have significant costs, it is necessary to optimally place them in an electrical power network. This paper proposes the Optimal PMU Placement (OPP) on the Kenya Power Transmission Network (Nairobi Region 30-bus system) using the existing methods; The Depth-First method, the Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) using intlinprog solver, and the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm. The algorithms are first implemented on the IEEE-14 and 30 bus test systems for verification before implementing the Kenya Power Transmission Network (Nairobi Region 30-bus system). Finally, the results for the three methods are compared. A key consideration is the System Observability Redundancy Index (SORI) under normal baseload conditions, with and without the inclusion of Zero Injection Buses (ZIBs). A higher value of SORI increases the measurement redundancy of the PMUs installed at a given bus. This paper further proposes the modelling of ZIB with adjacent buses by considering their Observability Index (OI). The case studies are modelled in Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT), and the simulations are carried out in MATLAB. From the simulation results, the ABC algorithm gives the optimal solution with the highest SORI compared to the Depth-First method and MILP, with the exclusion of the ZIB. The Nairobi region 30-bus system require 12 PMUs located at buses; 2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16, 21, 24, 27 and 29 for complete power system observability with a SORI of 43.

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“…Since it is not affordable to install PMUs on each bus for full observability, specifying the optimum number of PMUs under normal operation of the system has always been an important concern. To achieve this purpose, various methods, such as direct numerical techniques like integer linear programming (ILP) [6][7][8], binary integer linear programming [9], and genetic algorithms [10,11], are used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of PMUs via hybrid PMU-RTU communication changeover in the case of cyberattack on vulnerable power transmission lines

Fardad¹,

Soleymani²,

Faghihi³

2018

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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A power grid strictly depends on information and communication technology. The key role of real-time measurement and information control for the reliable operation of a power grid is the responsibility of the phase measurement units (PMUs). As smart power grids encounter a variety of unauthorized malicious accesses such as cyberattacks, PMU placement is an important problem. In this study, a new algorithm was proposed to specify the minimum number of PMUs in the case of cyberattacks on their communication lines and equipment. In order to analyze complete observability of the distribution system, a range of probable contingencies for the vulnerable lines of a typical power system was discussed. The proposed algorithm implementation shows that the number of required PMUs can be reduced by removing irrelevant information through cyberattack circumstance intervals by using communication equipment potential.

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Optimal PMU placement using matrix modification based integer linear programming

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Strategic PMU placement to alleviate power system vulnerability against cyber attacks

Strategic PMU placement to alleviate power system vulnerability against cyber attacks

Optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Unit considering System Observability Redundancy Index: case study of the Kenya power transmission network

Reduction of PMUs via hybrid PMU-RTU communication changeover in the case of cyberattack on vulnerable power transmission lines

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