Optimal Energy Management for a Hybrid Vehicle Using Neuro-Dynamic Programming to Consider Transient Engine Operation

Johri, Rajit; Salvi, Ashwin; Filipi, Zoran

doi:10.1115/dscc2011-6138

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Clearly, the NO x and PM emissions are a concern for diesel electric hybrid drivetrains. In [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], the NO x emissions are included in the performance criterion of the ECMS problem. However, there, the equivalence factor for the NO x emissions is only a tuning parameter, and it is not adapted actively in order to maintain a certain NO x emission level, as is proposed in this paper.…”

Section: Comparison To Ecms For Hybrid Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Equivalent Emission Minimization Strategy for Causal Optimal Control of Diesel Engines

et al. 2014

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One of the main challenges during the development of operating strategies for modern diesel engines is the reduction of the CO 2 emissions, while complying with ever more stringent limits for the pollutant emissions. The inherent trade-off between the emissions of CO 2 and pollutants renders a simultaneous reduction difficult. Therefore, an optimal operating strategy is sought that yields minimal CO 2 emissions, while holding the cumulative pollutant emissions at the allowed level. Such an operating strategy can be obtained offline by solving a constrained optimal control problem. However, the final-value constraint on the cumulated pollutant emissions prevents this approach from being adopted for causal control. This paper proposes a framework for causal optimal control of diesel engines. The optimization problem can be solved online when the constrained minimization of the CO 2 emissions is reformulated as an unconstrained minimization of the CO 2 emissions and the weighted pollutant emissions (i.e., equivalent emissions). However, the weighting factors are not known a priori. A method for the online calculation of these weighting factors is proposed. It is based on the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation and a physically motivated approximation of the optimal cost-to-go. A case study shows that the causal control strategy defined by the online calculation of the equivalence factor and the minimization of the equivalent emissions is only slightly inferior to the non-causal offline optimization, while being applicable to online control.Energies 2014, 7 1231

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Section: Comparison To Ecms For Hybrid Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Equivalent Emission Minimization Strategy for Causal Optimal Control of Diesel Engines

et al. 2014

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“…Transient spikes of soot emission are much less frequent. The series operation can result in further reduction of emissions with advanced control strategies designed with transient emission objectives [20], [21].…”

Section: Figure 9 -Instantaneous Engine-out Emissions With Hydrostatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain-In-the-Loop Integration for Analyzing Real-World Fuel Economy and Emissions Improvements

Tavares

Johri

Salvi

et al. 2011

SAE Technical Paper Series

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The paper describes the approach, addresses integration challenges and discusses capabilities of the Hybrid Powertrain-in-the-Loop (H-PIL) facility for the series/hydrostatic hydraulic hybrid system. We describe the simulation of the open-loop and closed-loop hydraulic hybrid systems in H-PIL and its use for concurrent engineering and development of advanced supervisory strategies. The configuration of the hydraulic-hybrid system and details of the hydraulic circuit developed for the H-PIL integration are presented. Next, software and hardware interfaces between the real components and virtual systems are developed, and special attention is given to linking component-level controllers and system-level supervisory control. The H-PIL setup allows imposing realistic dynamic loads on hydraulic pump/motors and accumulator based on vehicle driving schedule. Application of fast analyzers allows characterization of the impact of dynamic interactions in the propulsion system on engine-out emissions. Therefore, the H-PIL facility allows optimization of the hybrid system for both high-efficiency and low emissions. The impetus is provided by previous work showing that more than half of the soot emissions from a conventional diesel powertrain over the urban driving schedule can be attributed to transients. The setup includes a 6.4L V-8 International diesel engine, highly dynamic dynamometer, Radial piston pump/motors supplied by Bosch-Rexroth and dSPACE real-time environment with in-house developed simulation of the virtual vehicle.

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“…In the first group, CI engines have been used in different HEV architectures [8,14,18,20,23,[26][27][28]. The CI engines have been mostly used in sport utility vehicles (SUVs), trucks, and buses [7,18,[27][28][29]. In the second group, SI engines have been used in HEV [11,12,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, improvement in ICE fuel efficiency has the largest potential in improving hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) fuel economy Prior HEV studies are divided into three groups according to the ICE type ( Figure 1). In the first group, CI engines have been used in different HEV architectures [8,14,18,20,23,[26][27][28]. The CI engines have been mostly used in sport utility vehicles (SUVs), trucks, and buses [7,18,[27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Optimization and Fuel Economy Investigation of a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle Integrated with Diesel/RCCI Engines

Solouk

Shahbakhti

2016

Energies

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Among different types of low temperature combustion (LTC) regimes, reactively controlled compression ignition (RCCI) has received a lot of attention as a promising advanced combustion engine technology with high indicated thermal efficiency and low nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. In this study, an RCCI engine for the purpose of fuel economy investigation is incorporated in series hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) architecture, which allows the engine to run completely in the narrow RCCI mode for common driving cycles. Three different types of energy management control (EMC) strategies are designed and implemented to achieve the best fuel economy. The EMC strategies encompass rule-based control (RBC), offline, and online optimal controllers, including dynamic programing (DP) and model predictive control (MPC), respectively. The simulation results show a 13.1% to 14.2% fuel economy saving by using an RCCI engine over a modern spark ignition (SI) engine in SHEV for different driving cycles. This fuel economy saving is reduced to 3% in comparison with a modern compression ignition (CI) engine, while NO x emissions are significantly lower. Simulation results show that the RCCI engine offers more fuel economy improvement in more aggressive driving cycles (e.g., US06), compared to less aggressive driving cycles (e.g., UDDS). In addition, the MPC results show that sub-optimal fuel economy is achieved by predicting the vehicle speed profile for a time horizon of 70 s.

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Optimal Energy Management for a Hybrid Vehicle Using Neuro-Dynamic Programming to Consider Transient Engine Operation

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

An Equivalent Emission Minimization Strategy for Causal Optimal Control of Diesel Engines

An Equivalent Emission Minimization Strategy for Causal Optimal Control of Diesel Engines

Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain-In-the-Loop Integration for Analyzing Real-World Fuel Economy and Emissions Improvements

Energy Optimization and Fuel Economy Investigation of a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle Integrated with Diesel/RCCI Engines

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