Abstract:Abstract:We report size-based sorting of micro-and sub-micron particles using optical forces on a planar optofluidic chip. Two different combinations of fluid flow and optical beam directions in liquid-core waveguides are demonstrated. These methods allow for tunability of size selection and sorting with efficiencies as high as 100%. Very good agreement between experimental results and calculated particle trajectories in the presence of flow and optical forces is found.
“…This was used to trap multiple 3 mm polystyrene particles simultaneously and to deliberately move a particle between trapping locations by modulating the trapping spot location with the wavelength of the trapping beam [107]. Finally, highly efficient microparticle sorting was demonstrated in the H-shaped liquid-core channel layout shown in Figure 4D [108]. In this case, balancing the size-dependent optical force with an independent flow speed provides good selectivity.…”
Over the past decade, optofluidics has established itself as a new and dynamic research field for exciting developments at the interface of photonics, microfluidics, and the life sciences. The strong desire for developing miniaturized bioanalytic devices and instruments, in particular, has led to novel and powerful approaches to integrating optical elements and biological fluids on the same chip-scale system. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in optofluidic research with emphasis on applications in bioanalysis and a focus on waveguide-based approaches that represent the most advanced level of integration between optics and fluidics. We discuss recent work in photonically reconfigurable devices and various application areas. We show how optofluidic approaches have been pushing the performance limits in bioanalysis, e.g. in terms of sensitivity and portability, satisfying many of the key requirements for point-of-care devices. This illustrates how the requirements for bianalysis instruments are increasingly being met by the symbiotic integration of novel photonic capabilities in a miniaturized system.
“…This was used to trap multiple 3 mm polystyrene particles simultaneously and to deliberately move a particle between trapping locations by modulating the trapping spot location with the wavelength of the trapping beam [107]. Finally, highly efficient microparticle sorting was demonstrated in the H-shaped liquid-core channel layout shown in Figure 4D [108]. In this case, balancing the size-dependent optical force with an independent flow speed provides good selectivity.…”
Over the past decade, optofluidics has established itself as a new and dynamic research field for exciting developments at the interface of photonics, microfluidics, and the life sciences. The strong desire for developing miniaturized bioanalytic devices and instruments, in particular, has led to novel and powerful approaches to integrating optical elements and biological fluids on the same chip-scale system. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in optofluidic research with emphasis on applications in bioanalysis and a focus on waveguide-based approaches that represent the most advanced level of integration between optics and fluidics. We discuss recent work in photonically reconfigurable devices and various application areas. We show how optofluidic approaches have been pushing the performance limits in bioanalysis, e.g. in terms of sensitivity and portability, satisfying many of the key requirements for point-of-care devices. This illustrates how the requirements for bianalysis instruments are increasingly being met by the symbiotic integration of novel photonic capabilities in a miniaturized system.
“…In addition, in an “H″ shaped network of liquid-core waveguides, particles were sorted optically in a pressure-driven flow. [71] By tuning laser power and flow speed, all particles above a certain size can be sorted out from the stream optically. Most recently, multi-particle trapping was implemented on ARROW chips using the characteristic spot patterns produced by a multi-mode interferometer (MMI) waveguide section.…”
This review (with 90 refs.) covers the state of the art in optofluidic devices with integrated solid-state nanopores for use in detection and sensing. Following an introduction into principles of optofluidics and solid-state nanopore technology, we discuss features of solid-state nanopore based assays using optofluidics. This includes the incorporation of solid-state nanopores into optofluidic platforms based on liquid-core anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs), methods for their fabrication, aspects of single particle detection and particle manipulation. We then describe the new functionalities provided by solid-state nanopores integrated into optofluidic chips, in particular acting as smart gates for correlated electro-optical detection and discrimination of nanoparticles. This enables the identification of viruses and λ-DNA, particle trajectory simulations, enhancing sensitivity by tuning the shape of nanopores. The review concludes with a summary and an outlook.
“…In the past, evanescent fields have been used to sort particles on Y-junction branches [10], ARROW chips [11], and 3-dB optical splitters [12]. These sorting methods can differentiate two groups of particle sizes, but are not designed to sort a variety of sizes at the same time.…”
We demonstrate two complementary optical separation techniques of dielectric particles on the surface of silicon nitride waveguides. Glass particles ranging from 2 μm to 10 μm in diameter are separated at guided powers below 40 mW. The effects of optical, viscous, and frictional forces on the particles are modeled and experimentally shown to enable separation. Particle interactions are investigated and shown to decrease measured particle velocity without interfering with the overall particle separation distribution. The demonstrated separation techniques have the potential to be integrated with microfluidic structures for cell sorting.
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