Optic disc haemorrhages and vascular abnormalities in a glaucoma population

Barry, CJ; Cooper, RL; Eikelboom, RH

doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.1997.tb01295.x

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Thus, the condition in NTG is similar to the conditions in POAG after adjusting the IOP reading according to the relative corneal thickness 94,95. However, there is other evidence observed in NTG patients that differs from POAG patients, eg, the incidence of optic disk hemorrhage is higher, the decrease of retinal nerve fiber layer is earlier, and the shape of defect of VF is different 96. Although, these observations were controversial,71 it still hints at the significance of the distinction of NTG under its phenotype.…”

Section: The Current Concepts Regarding the Relationship Between Ntg mentioning

confidence: 80%

The current research status of normal tension glaucoma

Mi¹,

Yuan²,

So³

2014

CIA

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Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a progressive optic neuropathy that mimics primary open-angle glaucoma, but lacks the findings of elevated intraocular pressure or other mitigating factors that can lead to optic neuropathy. The present review summarized the causes, genetics, and mechanisms underlying NTG in both animal models and human patients. We also proposed that the neurovascular unit is a therapeutic target for NTG management.

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Section: The Current Concepts Regarding the Relationship Between Ntg mentioning

confidence: 80%

The current research status of normal tension glaucoma

Mi¹,

Yuan²,

So³

2014

CIA

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“…3,4 This is because, in addition to the elevated IOPs, ocular blood circulation, oxidative stress, and other mechanisms are also believed to be involved in the GON etiology. Regarding ocular blood circulation, evidence from numerous reports indicating that insufficient retinal and optic disc blood supply are involved in the GON etiology includes the following: (1) Disc hemorrhages frequently exist in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) [6][7][8] ; (2) retinal vascular diseases, such as retinal vein occlusion, are frequently associated with OAG patients with OAG 10,11 ; (4) there are abnormal levels of the concentration of plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) in patients with OAG as compared with healthy control subjects [12][13][14][15] ; (5) platelet aggregation ability is remarkably increased in patients with OAG compared with that in normal subjects. 16 As for oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a consequence of normal aerobic metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Currant Anthocyanins Normalized Abnormal Levels of Serum Concentrations of Endothelin-1 in Patients with Glaucoma

Yoshida

Ohguro

2013

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Purpose: Our recent study, which involved a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked 24-month trial (Ophthalmologica 2012;228:26-35), revealed that oral administration of black currant anthocyanins (BCACs) slowed down the visual field deterioration and elevation of ocular blood flow of open-angle glaucoma (OAG). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these BCAC-induced effects, as possible factors affecting glaucomatous optic neuropathy, changes of serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), and antioxidative activities were examined in the present study. Methods: From among patients with OAG who participated in the randomized, placebo-controlled, doublemasked trial, serum specimens were obtained from BCAC-treated (n = 19) or placebo-treated (n = 19) patients at baseline and every 6 months. Healthy volunteers (n = 20) with age and gender matching the patients were used as a control. Serum ET-1 concentration, [NO 2 -] and [NO 2 -+ NO 3 -] levels, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and antioxidant activities were measured by using commercially available kits. Results: At the trial baseline, serum ET-1 concentrations were significantly lower in patients with OAG (BCACs, 3.18 -1.06 pg/mL; placebo, 3.44 -0.84 pg/mL) than those in healthy volunteers (4.38 -1.03 pg/mL) (one-way analysis of variance and a Tukey's multiple comparison post hoc test, P < 0.05). Upon administration of BCACs, serum ET-1 concentrations increased to the levels of those in healthy volunteers during the 24-month period. In contrast, those of placebo-treated patients remained at lower levels (3.82 -1.14 pg/mL). While [NO 2 -] and [NO 2 -+ NO 3 -] levels, AOPP, and antioxidative activities of patients from both the BCACs and placebo groups showed comparable levels to those of healthy subjects at baseline, no significant changes were observed during the observational period in either the BCAC or placebo groups. Conclusions: Among the possible beneficial effects of BCACs toward visual field progression in patients with OAG, our present results suggest that BCACs caused normalization of serum ET-1 levels, and this may modulate ET-1-dependent regulation of the ocular blood hemodynamics.

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“…However, in addition to the obvious lower IOP than OAG in a classical sense, OAG is also associated with elevated IOP (≥22 mmHg) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), with several differences between NTG and POAG reported. Optic disc hemorrhage, an important and well-established negative prognostic factor for glaucoma, is much more frequently seen in NTG [9]–[12]. The majority of reported studies have noted small, but significant differences in the patterns of damage in the optic disc, retinal nerve fiber layer, and visual field [13]–[21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Variants on Chromosome 9p21 Are Associated with Normal Tension Glaucoma

et al. 2012

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Although intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most definitive cause of glaucoma, a subtype of open angle glaucoma (OAG) termed normal tension glaucoma (NTG), which occurs in spite of normal IOP, accounts for a large part of glaucoma cases, especially in Japan. To find common genetic variants contributing to NTG in Japanese patients, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS). We performed the first screening for 531,009 autosomal SNPs with a discovery cohort of 286 cases and 557 controls, and then a second screening for the top 30 suggestive loci in an independent cohort of 183 cases and 514 controls. Our findings identified a significantly associated SNP; rs523096 [combined p-value = 7.40× 10−8, odds ratio (OR) = 2.00 with 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.55–2.58] located 10 kbp upstream of CDKN2B on chromosome 9p21. Moreover, analysis of another independent case-control set successfully replicated the results of the screening studies (combined values of all 3 stages p = 4.96 × 10−11, OR = 2.13 with 95% CI 1.69–2.68). The SNPs near rs523096 were recently reported to be associated with OAG associated with elevated IOP in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the predominant subtype of glaucoma in Caucasian populations. Our results revealed that the 9p21 locus is also associated with NTG in Japanese. In addition, we identified SNPs more strongly associated with NTG.

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Optic disc haemorrhages and vascular abnormalities in a glaucoma population

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

The current research status of normal tension glaucoma

The current research status of normal tension glaucoma

Black Currant Anthocyanins Normalized Abnormal Levels of Serum Concentrations of Endothelin-1 in Patients with Glaucoma

Common Variants on Chromosome 9p21 Are Associated with Normal Tension Glaucoma

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