Opposing forces of cardiogenic shock: left ventricular outflow obstruction, severe mitral regurgitation, and left ventricular dysfunction in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy

Methvin, Laura; Liu, Spencer D; Dodge, Shayne E.; Gilstrap, Lauren

doi:10.1002/ehf2.13936

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Moderate doses of steroids can significantly improve the shock and multiple organ dysfunction of patients [ 71 ]. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy induced by COVID-19 may manifest as CS [ 72 ].…”

Section: Cvds and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases: From Cellular Mechanisms to Clinical Manifestations

Shu¹,

Wen²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Aging and disease

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), quickly spread worldwide and led to over 581 million confirmed cases and over 6 million deaths as 1 August 2022. The binding of the viral surface spike protein to the human angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor is the primary mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Not only highly expressed in the lung, ACE2 is also widely distributed in the heart, mainly in cardiomyocytes and pericytes. The strong association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been demonstrated by increased clinical evidence. Preexisting CVD risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, and diabetes etc., increase susceptibility to COVID-19. In turn, COVID-19 exacerbates the progression of CVD, including myocardial damage, arrhythmia, acute myocarditis, heart failure, and thromboembolism. Moreover, cardiovascular risks post recovery and the vaccination-associated cardiovascular problems have become increasingly evident. To demonstrate the association between COVID-19 and CVD, this review detailly illustrated the impact of COVID-19 on different cells (cardiomyocytes, pericytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts) in myocardial tissue and provides an overview of the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular involvements in the pandemic. Finally, the issues related to myocardial injury post recovery, as well as vaccination-induced CVD, has also been emphasized.

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