Opportunities for green hydrogen production in petroleum refining and ammonia synthesis industries in India

Manna, Joydev; Jha, Prakash; Sarkhel, Rudranath; Banerjee, Chandan; Tripathi, Arun Kumar; Nouni, M.R.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.09.064

Cited by 90 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…As of October 2021, 28 jurisdictions in the world had promulgated national-level hydrogen strategies or visions [16,17], including Australia [18], Canada [19], Chile [20], Colombia [21], the Czech Republic [22], the European Union (EU, at the regional level) [23], Finland [24], France [25], Germany [26], Hungary [27], India [28,29], Italy [30], Japan [31], Morocco [32], the Netherlands [33], New Zealand [34], Norway [35], Paraguay [36], Poland [37], Portugal [38,39], the Republic of Korea [40], Russia [41,42], Slovakia [43], Spain [44], Ukraine [45], the United Arab Emirates (UAE) [46,47], the United Kingdom (UK) [48], and the United States (US) [49]. Many countries issued their national hydrogen strategies to fulfill multiple strategic objectives, including but not limited to decarbonization.…”

Section: National Hydrogen Strategies and Decarbonization Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Green Are the National Hydrogen Strategies?

Cheng

Lee

2022

Sustainability

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Since Japan promulgated the world’s first national hydrogen strategy in 2017, 28 national (or regional, in the case of the EU) hydrogen strategies have been issued by major world economies. As carbon emissions vary with different types of hydrogen, and only green hydrogen produced from renewable energy can be zero-emissions fuel, this paper interrogates the commitment of the national hydrogen strategies to achieve decarbonization objectives, focusing on the question “how green are the national hydrogen strategies?” We create a typology of regulatory stringency for green hydrogen in national hydrogen strategies, analyzing the text of these strategies and their supporting policies, and evaluating their regulatory stringency toward decarbonization. Our typology includes four parameters, fossilfuel penalties, hydrogen certifications, innovation enablement, and the temporal dimension of coal phasing out. Following the typology, we categorize the national hydrogen strategies into three groups: zero regulatory stringency, scale first and clean later, and green hydrogen now. We find that most national strategies are of the type “scale first and clean later”, with one or more regulatory measures in place. This article identifies further challenges to enhancing regulatory stringency for green hydrogen at both national and international levels.

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Section: National Hydrogen Strategies and Decarbonization Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Green Are the National Hydrogen Strategies?

Cheng

Lee

2022

Sustainability

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“…To reduce these pollutants affecting the atmosphere, literature has reported various technological modifications for hydrogen generation. Therefore, the utilization of renewable energy resources for hydrogen generation has been reported in recent works of literature (Boretti, 2020;Manna et al, 2021;Rabiee et al, 2021). Green hydrogen is also resultants of electrolyzers produced by renewable energies.…”

Section: Categorization Of Hydrogen Based On the Source Of Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been also noticed that green hydrogen can be also produced from bioenergy such as biomethane and biomass combustion. As the green hydrogen generated from various methodologies has net-zero gas emission, researchers and industries have more attention towards its production advancement (Manna et al, 2021;Rabiee et al, 2021). Categories of Hydrogen generation is presented in Figure 6.…”

Section: Categorization Of Hydrogen Based On the Source Of Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Energy as Future of Sustainable Mobility

Chakraborty

Dash²,

Elavarasan³

et al. 2022

Front. Energy Res.

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Conventional fuels for vehicular applications generate hazardous pollutants which have an adverse effect on the environment. Therefore, there is a high demand to shift towards environment-friendly vehicles for the present mobility sector. This paper highlights sustainable mobility and specifically sustainable transportation as a solution to reduce GHG emissions. Thus, hydrogen fuel-based vehicular technologies have started blooming and have gained significance following the zero-emission policy, focusing on various types of sustainable motilities and their limitations. Serving an incredible deliverance of energy by hydrogen fuel combustion engines, hydrogen can revolution various transportation sectors. In this study, the aspects of hydrogen as a fuel for sustainable mobility sectors have been investigated. In order to reduce the GHG (Green House Gas) emission from fossil fuel vehicles, researchers have paid their focus for research and development on hydrogen fuel vehicles and proton exchange fuel cells. Also, its development and progress in all mobility sectors in various countries have been scrutinized to measure the feasibility of sustainable mobility as a future. This, paper is an inclusive review of hydrogen-based mobility in various sectors of transportation, in particular fuel cell cars, that provides information on various technologies adapted with time to add more towards perfection. When compared to electric vehicles with a 200-mile range, fuel cell cars have a lower driving cost in all of the 2035 and 2050 scenarios. To stimulate the use of hydrogen as a passenger automobile fuel, the cost of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCV) must be brought down to at least the same level as an electric vehicle. Compared to gasoline cars, fuel cell vehicles use 43% less energy and generate 40% less CO2.

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“…Reported figures, including taxes and interest during construction period 41 Share of electrolysis stack in the total initial capital cost of electrolyser plant 60% of total capital cost of electrolyser plant Reported value 42 Life of stack 5 y Reported value 42 Life of balance of plant components 10 y Reported value 42,43 Real (ie, inflation adjusted) discount rate 8% per annum Typical value of lending rates in public sector infrastructure projects 44 Specific energy consumption in water electrolysis electrolysers and ancillary technologies coupled to indigenous water-cooled nuclear reactors should be adopted as the entry point for the nuclear industry into the hydrogen domain.…”

Section: Nuclear Power-to-hydrogen Production Possibilities Frontiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging nuclear power‐to‐green hydrogen production potential in India: A country perspective

Bhattacharyya

Singh

Bhanja

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Nuclear hydrogen production via commercially mature water electrolysis technology is a promising, low‐carbon route to bulk quantities of hydrogen for industrial decarbonization. This has special relevance to all energy resource‐poor countries like India who must also reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and chemical feed stock like natural gas. This study assesses green hydrogen demand in major Indian industries vis‐à‐vis the corresponding hydrogen supply capability via water electrolysis by Indian nuclear power reactors. India's existing, upcoming, and planned nuclear reactors can power modular water electrolysers to produce 1.8–4.0 million metric tons H2 per annum at annualized production costs competitive with current renewable hydrogen costs. Nuclear hydrogen can meet between 6% and 15% of the current green hydrogen demand of priority sectors in India. Project profitability requires sale price of nuclear hydrogen to be at least 60% to 90% above the levelized production cost. Depending on the end user sectors, nuclear hydrogen can enable avoidance of 490–570 million tons CO2 per annum from several industries beyond the electric power sector. Novelty Statement The study analyses the potential of India's existing and upcoming nuclear power reactors to diversify and support the creation of a domestic green hydrogen supply chain for decarbonization of critical and hard‐to‐abate industries. It analyzes sectoral demands for hydrogen, techno‐economic aspects of nuclear hydrogen production using site‐specific data, including comparison with solar hydrogen. It emphasizes the importance of diversifying the energy mix used for large quantities of green hydrogen for sustainable decarbonization of sectors like fertilizers, metallurgy, and long‐distance transport.

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Opportunities for green hydrogen production in petroleum refining and ammonia synthesis industries in India

Cited by 90 publications

References 55 publications

How Green Are the National Hydrogen Strategies?

How Green Are the National Hydrogen Strategies?

Hydrogen Energy as Future of Sustainable Mobility

Leveraging nuclear power‐to‐green hydrogen production potential in India: A country perspective

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