Hydrogen is emerging as a new energy vector outside of its traditional role and gaining more recognition internationally as a viable fuel route. This review paper offers a crisp analysis of the most recent developments in hydrogen production techniques using conventional and renewable energy sources, in addition to key challenges in the production of Hydrogen. Among the most potential renewable energy sources for hydrogen production are solar and wind. The production of H2 from renewable sources derived from agricultural or other waste streams increases the flexibility and improves the economics of distributed and semi-centralized reforming with little or no net greenhouse gas emissions. Water electrolysis equipment driven by off-grid solar or wind energy can also be employed in remote areas that are away from the grid. Each H2 manufacturing technique has technological challenges. These challenges include feedstock type, conversion efficiency, and the need for the safe integration of H2 production systems with H2 purification and storage technologies.
This paper presents control and configuration of photovoltaic fed unified power quality conditioner for the purpose of power quality enhancement. Literature studies convey that fixed PI gains used in the control schemes of Unified Power Quality Conditioners (UPQC) and PV-UPQC cannot easily adapt to various dynamic conditions. In this paper a novel online tunings method for PI control gains is adopted in the controllers of series and shunt converters of PV-UPQC. Unlike the previously implemented JAYA algorithm which has a single objective function utilized in the controller of DSTATCOM for improvement of only current quality, the new adaptive JAYA algorithm has two separate objective function, employed in shunt and series inverter control of PV-UPQC system for improvement of both current and voltage quality under various operational scenarios for power quality issues. The experimental results verify that implementation of JAYA based auto tuning PI controller increases the adaptivity of PV-UP-QC system towards various dynamic conditions. Results obtained are compared with conventional optimization algorithms with fixed PI gains pertaining to a distribution system for validating its efficacy.
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