Operational experience of a 1 kW PAFC stack

Aims of Electrocatalysis

“…One can see that heterogeneous electrocatalysis can be divided into three mutually linked up groups as electricity generation (fuel cells), research and chemicals. As it is seen, to the first mentioned group belong technologies being already in use or in advanced preliminary phase of application as: (i) polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) which find applications mainly in a sector of road transportation [11], stationary power generation [12], and other energy sectors [13][14][15], (ii) solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) [16], (iii) molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) [17], (iv) phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs) which are commercially available [18], and (v) alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) [19]. The catalyst required for the electrodes in AFCs can be any of a number of different chemicals that are much more cheaper in comparison with those required for other types of fuel cells.…”

Fuel cell systems for small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) applications

“…No significant products have been developed for the domestic CHP market; however, they possess many of the desired characteristics and have been demonstrated at the 1-10 kw e scale operating on natural gas as CHP units (Ghouse et al, 2000;Independant Power Technologies Ltd, 2006).…”

Cost targets for domestic fuel cell CHP

“…UTC power (formerly ONSI) has dominated the industry with its PureCell system (formerly PC25), which provides the majority of the published information collated in Table 3. Installed PAFC systems have almost exclusively been for large stationary generation (100-200 kW), but a number of research stacks have also been produced in the range of 1-10 kW [13,14].…”