Cost targets for domestic fuel cell CHP

Staffell, Iain; Green, Richard; Kendall, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.11.068

Cited by 72 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The 8.8 GW of German capacity which meets the top ten percent of load is expected to run for an average of 4 hours per plant start, and for a total of 286 hours per year. In Britain, peak loads are shorter and "spikier", so the 5 One should note that the present analysis is based on mean hourly data. Figure 3).…”

Section: In 2010 De Gbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shape of future electricity demand: Exploring load curves in 2050s Germany and Britain

Boßmann

Staffell

2015

Energy

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203

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National demand for electricity follows a regular and predictable daily pattern. This pattern is set to change due to efficiency improvements, de-industrialisation and electrification of heat and transport. These changes are independent of renewable infeed and are not well understood: contemporary studies assume that electricity load curves will retain their current shape, scaling equally in all hours. Changes to this shape will profoundly affect the electricity industry: increasing the requirements for flexible and peaking capacity, and reducing asset utilisation and profitability. This paper explores the evolution of load curves to 2050 in Germany and Britain: two countries undergoing radically different energy transformations. It reviews recent developments in Europe's electricity demand, and introduces two models for synthesising future hourly load curves: eLOAD and DESSTinEE. Both models are applied to a decarbonisation scenario for 2050, and consistently show peak loads increasing by about 23% points above the change in annual demand, to 103 GW in Germany and 92 GW in Britain. Sensitivities around electrification show that a million extra heat pumps or electric vehicles add up to 1.5 GW to peak demand.The structure and shape of the future load curves are analysed, and impacts on the national electricity systems are drawn.

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Section: In 2010 De Gbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shape of future electricity demand: Exploring load curves in 2050s Germany and Britain

Boßmann

Staffell

2015

Energy

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203

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“…It is well known that CHP systems have the capability to achieve greater than 70% overall system efficiency [3] by generating power near the point of use and recovering the waste heat. High temperature fuel cell systems are particularly attractive for CHP applications [4][5][6] generating electricity at the small-and large-scale with high fuel to electricity conversion efficiencies, extremely low emissions and also a high quality waste heat that can be recovered and utilized. Two high temperature fuel cell types are common; molten carbonate and solid oxide fuel cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modeling and evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell – combined heat and power system operating strategies

Nanaeda

Mueller

Brouwer

et al. 2010

Journal of Power Sources

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a b s t r a c tOperating strategies of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) combined heat and power (CHP) systems are developed and evaluated from a utility, and end-user perspective using a fully integrated SOFC-CHP system dynamic model that resolves the physical states, thermal integration and overall efficiency of the system. The model can be modified for any SOFC-CHP system, but the present analysis is applied to a hotel in southern California based on measured electric and heating loads. Analysis indicates that combined heat and power systems can be operated to benefit both the end-users and the utility, providing more efficient electric generation as well as grid ancillary services, namely dispatchable urban power.Design and operating strategies considered in the paper include optimal sizing of the fuel cell, thermal energy storage to dispatch heat, and operating the fuel cell to provide flexible grid power. Analysis results indicate that with a 13.1% average increase in price-of-electricity (POE), the system can provide the grid with a 50% operating range of dispatchable urban power at an overall thermal efficiency of 80%. This gridsupport operating mode increases the operational flexibility of the SOFC-CHP system, which may make the technology an important utility asset for accommodating the increased penetration of intermittent renewable power.

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“…For this reason, the number of operation hours and thus, the overall lifetimes becomes less important. A contrary view is found in [8], where increased lifetime is seen as a major path towards accelerated market entry. It has been suggested that a variable heat-topower ratio would be desirable for covering electricity and heat demand in a single house [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fuel cell based micro-combined heat and power under different policy frameworks – An economic analysis

Pade

Schröder

2013

Energy Conversion and Management

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Cost targets for domestic fuel cell CHP

Cited by 72 publications

References 18 publications

The shape of future electricity demand: Exploring load curves in 2050s Germany and Britain

The shape of future electricity demand: Exploring load curves in 2050s Germany and Britain

Dynamic modeling and evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell – combined heat and power system operating strategies

Fuel cell based micro-combined heat and power under different policy frameworks – An economic analysis

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