Operating Low-Cost, Reusable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Contested Environments: Preliminary Evaluation of Operational Concepts

Hamilton, Thomas; Ochmanek, David

doi:10.7249/rr4407

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…232 They can overwhelm an air defense system relatively easily if their number exceeds the number of missiles carried by the air defense. 233 One article even speculates that if Nagorno-Karabakh is a template for future wars, then Russian investment in such expensive systems as Avangard, Burevestnik, or even unmanned Okhotnik might be inexpedient because small and medium-size drones can inflict consequential damage. 234 One of the solutions that Russian experts speculate about is equipping air defense systems with active protection that is modeled on that developed for the Armata tank, which would increase the survivability of the air defense system itself and increase its ability to eliminate drones.…”

Section: Performance Of Russian Counter-drone Systems In Combat Deplo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Russia's Asymmetric Response to 21st Century Strategic Competition: Robotization of the Armed Forces

2023

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Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the Kremlin will have to rethink, reform, and rebuild the country's military while facing even more binding financial constraints under a new wave of sanctions and export controls. In this new strategic and economic environment, Russia's political and military leadership likely will have to prioritize some modernization programs and abandon others. Some Russian military strategists have said that the country's military should not match its adversaries' capabilities; instead, it should seek an asymmetric response by developing capabilities that make its adversaries' high-tech weapon systems economically unjustifiable. In recent years, there seemed to be a growing consensus in Russia that using artificial intelligence and robotics-enabling relatively cheap but capable forces-might just be such an asymmetric response. Moreover, in the face of unsatisfactory performance and low morale of the Russian troops in Ukraine, Moscow might see the robotization of the Armed Forces as a way to alleviate its dependence on manpower. However, such a technological shift will be more difficult to achieve under these new financial and technological constraints.In this report, we examine the Russian vision for robotization and highlight where that vision diverges from the robotic revolution in the United States. We analyze Russia's progress in the robotization of its Armed Forces and assess under what conditions could Moscow deliver on its robotization vision. Our findings indicate that, compared with the United States, Russia might be more willing to grant autonomy to military drones and robots when executing strikes and appears to see ground robotic capabilities on par with aerial drones. Moscow believes that unmanned capabilities can replace soldiers (and not just augment them); this is supposed to decrease personnel losses and increase combat effectiveness. Although robotization progress has been slow and the key inputs of the innovation system will be negatively affected by the sanctions and export controls that were imposed on Russia in 2022, the overall emphasis on unmanned capabilities might persist. Consequently, lowering the political and financial costs of Russian foreign deployments could increase those deployments' frequency.The research reported here was completed in October 2021, reviewed and revised in spring 2022 on the basis of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, and underwent security review with the sponsor and the Defense Office of Prepublication and Security Review before public release.

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Section: Performance Of Russian Counter-drone Systems In Combat Deplo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Russia's Asymmetric Response to 21st Century Strategic Competition: Robotization of the Armed Forces

2023

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“…UAV sensors include a variety of functions. According to their mission objectives, the image fusion constraints based on UAV sensors are mainly considered from two aspects: application environments and target characteristics, and airborne sensor constraints 12 .…”

Section: Constraints Of Uav Fusion Perception Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UAVs can be divided into micro UAVs, light UAVs, small UAVs and large UAVs. In order to meet the ever-changing task requirements, low-cost design concepts have gradually become the main consideration for technological innovation in various fields 12 .…”

Section: Typical Requirements For Low-cost Uav Fusion Perception Tech...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of image fusion technology for low-cost UAVs perception system

Luo¹,

Bi²,

Xuan³

2023

Advanced Fiber Laser Conference (AFL2022)

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With the gradual improvement of the autonomous capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the field of tasks has expanded, and it is necessary for UAVs to fully perceive target information from multiple levels and dimensions in the process of target detection and identification in the complex environment. Therefore, for UAVs, the main goal of fusion perception technology is to achieve resource interoperability and information complementarity between sensors, such as to increase the detection advantages of different image sensors in frequency, space, and time.In this paper, based on low-cost UAVs, the research is carried out from two aspects: UAVs and fusion perception sensors, and image-based fusion perception technology. The factors that need to be considered in UAVs' sensor configuration are analyzed from four aspects: UAVs' platform attributes, sensor attributes, flight environment, and task types and requirements. Then, we summarize the current image fusion perception technology in the process of UAVs' detection and identification, which provides an effective reference for product development and technology research in related fields.Finally, the challenges faced by the future development of fusion technology are proposed. The overview shows that, sensor configuration scheme and information fusion scheme have the relationship of mutual promotion and restriction in the process of searching for the optimal fusion strategy. It is necessary to develop heterogeneous information fusion algorithm based on sensor characteristics. Moreover, the level of precise sensing elements, efficient information acquisition algorithms, configuration schemes and fusion algorithm implementations are required to improve for the result of 1+1>2.

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“…In the world of constant and dynamic technological changes, minimizing vulnerability is an endless race with opponents, reads the report "How to Analyze the Cyber Threat from Drones" prepared by specialists from RAND Corporation. In the document, specialists analyzed the issue of cybersecurity in relation to the growing use of UAS [22].…”

Section: Deliberations On the Potential Cyber Threats Against The Uasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cybersecurity of the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS)

Pyzynski

Balcerzak

2021

J Intell Robot Syst

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In recent years, UASs have become more and more popular. There are many reasons for this; one of the most popular is the enhancement of drones’ functionalities and improvement in battery life, stabilization, navigation, sensor technology, and much more. Many benefits drive growth. However, as the number of drones is expanding and their technological functionalities are evolving, drones’ use brings many concerns and challenges that should not be underestimated. This refers to issues in the area of cybersecurity, privacy, and public safety. UASs, under the international, regional, and national regime of aviation law, are considered aircraft. Since there is no existing cybersecurity framework specific to the UASs, the civil aviation cybersecurity framework should apply to their operations. This paper will focus on the potential cyber threats against UASs, providing examples of cyber-attacks from the past. Further, the aviation cybersecurity framework’s overview will follow to determine the current status of maturity at the international, regional (the European Union), and national (the Republic of Poland) levels. The paper’s conclusion will address the proposed recommendations for the UAS and aviation industries to be considered and potential solutions in terms of applying the aviation cybersecurity framework into the operation of UASs.

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Operating Low-Cost, Reusable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Contested Environments: Preliminary Evaluation of Operational Concepts

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Russia's Asymmetric Response to 21st Century Strategic Competition: Robotization of the Armed Forces

Russia's Asymmetric Response to 21st Century Strategic Competition: Robotization of the Armed Forces

Overview of image fusion technology for low-cost UAVs perception system

Cybersecurity of the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS)

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