One-step synthesis for cations intercalation of two-dimensional carbide crystal Ti3C2 MXene

Hu, Ai-Ling; Yu, Jun; Zhao, Huizhong; Zhang, Han; Wei, Li

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144538

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[160] Using a chemical intercalation method, Hu et al have developed a one-step method of etching Ti 3 AlC 2 with 49 wt% HF and cationic (Li + , Na + , Sn 4+ ) salt solution to obtain cation-intercalated MXene, as shown in Figure 16c. [161] When NaF and HCl are used as etchants, Na@ Ti 3 C 2 -II is formed with Na 5 Al 3 F 14 impurities that interfere the intercalation of Na + . Compared to Na + -intercalated MXene, the downshift of the (002) peak position indicates a larger d-spacing for the Li + and Sn 4+ -intercalated MXene (Figure 16d).…”

Section: Mxene Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating Intercalation of Layered Compounds for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis

Yang

Tamirat

Bin

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Layered materials have received extensive attention for widespread applications such as energy storage and conversion, catalysis, and ion transport owing to their fast ion diffusion, exfoliative feature, superior mechanical flexibility, tunable bandgap structure, etc. The presence of large interlayer space between each layer enhances intercalation of the guest ion or molecule, which is beneficial for fast ion diffusion and charge transport along the channels. This intercalation reaction of layered compounds with guest species results in material with improved mechanical and electronic properties for efficient energy storage and conversion, catalysis, ion transport, and other applications. This review extensively discusses the intercalation of guest ionic or molecular species into layered materials used for various types of applications. It assesses the intercalation strategies, mechanism of ionic or molecular intercalation reactions, and highlights recent advancements. The electrochemical performances of several typical intercalated materials in batteries, supercapacitors, and electrocatalytic systems have been thoroughly discussed. Moreover, the challenges in the design and intercalation of layered materials, as well as prospects of future development are highlighted.

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Section: Mxene Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating Intercalation of Layered Compounds for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis

Yang

Tamirat

Bin

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The MAX phase is the general term of a series of ternary layered compounds, with the general formula of M n+1 –AX n , where M represents transition metal elements, A mainly refers to group IV elements, X is carbon or nitrogen; n is generally 1 2, 3 and 4 corresponding to 211, 312, 413 and 414 compounds, respectively. The acid etching process would result in a large number of surface functional groups, leading to excellent chemical reactivity and hydrophilicity [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. However, the existence of surface functional groups and their random arrangement would also make it difficult to directly determine the structure of MXenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Chemical Structure of Ti3C2Tx MXene by Angle-Resolved XPS Combined with Argon Ion Etching

Liu

2022

Materials

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Angle-resolved XPS combined with argon ion etching was used to characterize the surface functional groups and the chemical structure of Ti3C2Tx MXene. Survey scanning obtained on the sample surface showed that the sample mainly contains C, O, Ti and F elements, and a little Al element. Analyzing the angle-resolved narrow scanning of these elements indicated that a layer of C and O atoms was adsorbed on the top surface of the sample, and there were many O or F related Ti bonds except Ti–C bond. XPS results obtained after argon ion etching indicated staggered distribution between C–Ti–C bond and O–Ti–C, F–Ti bond. It is confirmed that Ti atoms and C atoms were at the center layer of Ti3C2Tx MXene, while O atoms and F atoms were located at both the upper and lower surface of Ti3C2 layer acting as surface functional groups. The surface functional groups on the Ti3C2 layer were determined to include O2−, OH−, F− and O−–F−, among which F atoms could also desorb from Ti3C2Tx MXene easily. The schematic atomic structure of Ti3C2Tx MXene was derived from the analysis of XPS results, being consistent with theoretical chemical structure and other experimental reports. The results showed that angle-resolved XPS combing with argon ion etching is a good way to analysis 2D thin layer materials.

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“…In an early report, the Mo 2 CT x obtained by Li ion-assisted intercalation possessed an interlayer distance of 25.75 Å at the etching temperature of 30 C, while the layer spacing exceeded 27 Å at 35 C. [85] Hu et al proposed a one-step method for cation intercalation on HF etched Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes (Figure 3d). [86] Their investigation showed that simultaneous addition of cation solution during HF etching gave better results than the conventional twostep method (solutions containing different cations were used as intercalator). The interlayer spacing of MXene prepared using the one-step method was expanded by 4.5-6.34 Å, which was 3 times that of MXene prepared by two-step method (Figure 3e).…”

Section: Intercalation and Delaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

MXenes—An Emerging Class of 2D Materials for Solar Water Desalination: Feasibility and Recent Advances

et al. 2021

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Solar water desalination (SWD) is considered to be an effective solution to combat fresh water shortage. Therefore, the selection of suitable solar absorbing materials is essential for researchers to consider. 2D transition metal carbides/ nitrides/carbonitrides (MXenes) have aroused significant attention in SWD owing to their hydrophilicity, chemical diversity, and special response to light irradiation. Herein, the MXene materials and their research progress in SWD are objectively reviewed and evaluated. First, the synthesis and properties of MXenes are described in terms of rational design and the problems confront when MXenes are applied in water environment, followed by a summary of the recent advances for MXene materials in the SWD field in three aspects, including their interesting photothermal conversion mechanism, feasibility for use as suitable solar absorbers, as well as the representative works. Finally, challenges and opportunities in MXenes-based SWD systems for future development are discussed in terms of the cost, stability, hidden dangers in practical applications, and possible additional benefits. This review aims to highlight the benefits of MXene materials for SWD and provides a viable scheme toward the design of efficient MXenes-based photothermal evaporators.

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One-step synthesis for cations intercalation of two-dimensional carbide crystal Ti3C2 MXene

Cited by 31 publications

References 29 publications

Regulating Intercalation of Layered Compounds for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis

Regulating Intercalation of Layered Compounds for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis

Characterizing the Chemical Structure of Ti3C2Tx MXene by Angle-Resolved XPS Combined with Argon Ion Etching

MXenes—An Emerging Class of 2D Materials for Solar Water Desalination: Feasibility and Recent Advances

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