One-pot green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles from Bauhinia tomentosa: Characterization and application towards synthesis of 1, 3 diolein

Abstract

The green synthesis of NPs through plant extracts can be a modest, one-pot alternative synthesis to the conventional physical or chemical method. The prime focus of this study is to produce MNPs by the reducing effect of Bauhinia tomentosa leaf extract, and it was immobilized in porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL). Synthesized NPs were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, UV–Vis Spectrometry, Thermogravimetry, and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Zeta potential test, VSM, BET and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of process parameters was studied, about the efficiency of immobilization are enzyme stability, the extent of enzyme reusability, its separation from products, the activity of immobilized enzyme, recovery, and its loss. Finally, the immobilized lipase was used for the synthesis of 1,3-diolein using enzyme-mediated esterification of oleic acid and glycerol. Under optimized condition (reaction temp-55 $$^\circ $$ ∘ C; molar ratio-2.5:1; pH-7) diolein yield was achieved to be 94%. Therefore, this work was further used for the industrial production of 1,3-diacylglycerol since a perfect enzyme-catalyzed process was observed.

Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized from Bauhinia tomentosa Linn

“…We inferred from molecular modeling and docking studies that the biosynthesized AgNPs can effectively bind to microbes and act as antimicrobial agents (Figure 11) [66,70,99]. Thus, the use of B. tomentosa Linn extracts for the synthesis of biomedically important AgNPs therefore has several advantages, since the environmentally friendly synthesis provides stable and highly effective AgNPs with a highly effective redox potential for highly effective antimicrobial activity and possible biomedical applications (Figure 12) [7,34,41,[43][44][45][46][47].…”

“…Thus, the use of B. tomentosa Linn extracts for the synthesis of biomedically important AgNPs therefore has several advantages, since the environmentally friendly synthesis provides stable and highly effective AgNPs with a highly effective redox potential for highly effective antimicrobial activity and possible biomedical applications ( Figure 12 ) [ 7 , 34 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

“…Bauhinia tomentosa is a South Indian shrub that has been applied in ayurvedic medicine for centuries based on its multiple beneficial effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, antiamoebic, antidiabetic, and antirheumatic properties as well as functioning as an analgesic and hypocholesterolemic agent [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Additionally, its extracts contain a diverse set of metabolites that could be possibly used in the reduction of silver ions, as a capping and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of nanoparticles [ 35 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Biological synthetic methods can produce AgNPs that are frequently more stable and less toxic than nanoparticles obtained using conventional methods [ 7 , 34 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

“…Additionally, its extracts contain a diverse set of metabolites that could be possibly used in the reduction of silver ions, as a capping and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of nanoparticles [ 35 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Biological synthetic methods can produce AgNPs that are frequently more stable and less toxic than nanoparticles obtained using conventional methods [ 7 , 34 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The surface of green synthesized AgNPs has strong bioactive antioxidant and antimicrobial activity [ 34 ].…”

Influence of the Alcoholic/Ethanolic Extract of Mangifera indica Residues on the Green Synthesis of FeO Nanoparticles and Their Application for the Remediation of Agricultural Soils

“…Thus, eco-friendly alternatives are methods using microorganisms, enzymes, fungi, and plant or fruit extracts. On the latter, there are investigations using Parthenocissus quinquefolia [19], green tea [20], coconut shell [21], eucalyptus [22], Moringa oleifera [23], and Bauhinia tomentosa [24]. The development of these ecosystem-friendly methods for nanoparticle synthesis has become an important branch of nanotechnology: "green synthesis" [25,26].…”