“…A series of holes allow for the automatic suction of gas. Common types of turbulent flow microbubble generators include the spherical body (Budhijanto et al, 2015;Deendarlianto et al, 2015;Kawahara et al, 2009;Sadatomi et al, 2005;Sadatomi et al, 2007), orifice (Sadatomi et al, 2012), Venturi (Baylar et al, 2007;Baylar et al, 2010;Rahman et al, 2014;Huang et al, 2018;Majid et al, 2018) and swirling flow (Terasaka et al, 2011;Li et al, 2013a;Li et al, 2013b;Levitsky et al, 2016;Yamashita et al, 2017;Hu and Xia, 2018;Xu et al, 2018). The advantage of these types of microbubble generator is that they have no moving parts and require no power.…”