Abstract:This note presents the results of experiments made in order to determine the nature of the luminescence lines associated with dislocations in silicon. This type of luminescence has been first described in our paper /1/.The experiments have been carried out at T = 4 . 2 and 7 7 K by means of measuring photoluminescence spectra under uniaxial deformation along < loo), (110), and (111) The transformation of spectra in the vicinity of the lines D1 and D2 under deformation is in principle quite different. The res… Show more
“…The impact of dislocations on photoluminescence spectra was first addressed by Drozdov et al, 30 who found that at liquid helium temperature ͑4 K͒ dislocations in silicon give rise to four photoluminescence lines labeled D1 ͑0.812 eV͒, D2 ͑0.875 eV͒, D3 ͑0.934 eV͒, and D4 ͑1.000 eV͒. Carrier recombination at dislocations occurs primarily due to the presence of metallic impurities.…”
Section: B Light Emission From Forward-biased P-n Junctionsmentioning
We study the emission of light from industrial multicrystalline silicon solar cells under forward and reverse biases. Camera-based luminescence imaging techniques and dark lock-in thermography are used to gain information about the spatial distribution and the energy dissipation at pre-breakdown sites frequently found in multicrystalline silicon solar cells. The pre-breakdown occurs at specific sites and is associated with an increase in temperature and the emission of visible light under reverse bias. Moreover, additional light emission is found in some regions in the subband-gap range between 1400 and 1700 nm under forward bias. Investigations of multicrystalline silicon solar cells with different interstitial oxygen concentrations and with an electron microscopic analysis suggest that the local light emission in these areas is directly related to clusters of oxygen.
“…The impact of dislocations on photoluminescence spectra was first addressed by Drozdov et al, 30 who found that at liquid helium temperature ͑4 K͒ dislocations in silicon give rise to four photoluminescence lines labeled D1 ͑0.812 eV͒, D2 ͑0.875 eV͒, D3 ͑0.934 eV͒, and D4 ͑1.000 eV͒. Carrier recombination at dislocations occurs primarily due to the presence of metallic impurities.…”
Section: B Light Emission From Forward-biased P-n Junctionsmentioning
We study the emission of light from industrial multicrystalline silicon solar cells under forward and reverse biases. Camera-based luminescence imaging techniques and dark lock-in thermography are used to gain information about the spatial distribution and the energy dissipation at pre-breakdown sites frequently found in multicrystalline silicon solar cells. The pre-breakdown occurs at specific sites and is associated with an increase in temperature and the emission of visible light under reverse bias. Moreover, additional light emission is found in some regions in the subband-gap range between 1400 and 1700 nm under forward bias. Investigations of multicrystalline silicon solar cells with different interstitial oxygen concentrations and with an electron microscopic analysis suggest that the local light emission in these areas is directly related to clusters of oxygen.
“…Several investigations in the past years have documented that dislocations in silicon give rise to characteristic photoluminescence (PL) spectra below the band edge. Drozdov et al [40,41] were the first to show in 1976 that four lines are related to dislocations which they labelled as D1 (0.812 eV), D2 (0.875 eV), D3 (0.934 eV) and D4 (1.000 eV). Those lines were introduced by deformation.…”
Section: Defect and Dislocation Related Luminescencementioning
“…The origin of the photoluminescent bands D1 to D4 at 0.807, 0.870, 0.935 and 1.0 eV connected with dislocations in silicon has been a major problem even after almost a quarter of century of investigation 1 . The recent observations 2 of room temperature electroluminescence from D1 and D2 has spurred further activity.…”
The properties of multi-vacancy and multi-interstitial defects that possess luminescent bands around 1 eV are reviewed. Prominent among these are the hexavacancy and tri-and tetra-self-interstitial defects. It is suggested that the formation of these defects on dislocation cores could lead to the D1 to D4 photoluminescent bands linked to dislocations in Si and SiGe.
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