On the iron content of human serum ferritin, especially in acute viral hepatitis and iron overload

Zuyderhoudt, F. M. J.; Linthorst, C.; Hengeveld, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(78)90089-x

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Concentrations of FBI in serum are in the low mg L À1 range, which makes its analysis naturally a challenge in terms of instrument sensitivity and contamination control. [9][10][11][12][13][17][18][19][20][21] At an average concentration of serum iron of 1 mg L À1 , whole blood iron of 500 mg L À1 29 and a typical FBI concentration of 20 mg L À1 , 21 FBI constitutes less than 0.004% of iron in whole blood and 2% of iron in serum. This makes FBI separation from other iron species and species conversion, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods for iron quantification after ferritin purification in conventional assays include atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), 17 coulometric techniques 20 and colorimetric methods. 21 The low concentration of serum ferritin and its low iron content make iron quantification by AAS and colorimetric methods difficult because of their limited sensitivity in addition to matrix effects. The novel technique developed by Konz et al 10 addresses some of these problems but it requires the accurate determination of the ruthenium/ferritin stoichiometry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial attempts to measure FBI employed immunochemical separation of ferritin and subsequent measurement of FBI using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, 17 coulometry 20 or colorimetric techniques. 21 However, the antibody required for ferritin separation is usually raised against liver or spleen ferritin, which has low specificity for serum ferritin. This affects the recovery of serum ferritin and may result in analytical bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of ferritin bound iron in human serum using species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Ren

Walczyk

2014

Metallomics

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Ferritin is a hollow sphere protein composed of 24 subunits that can store up to 4500 iron atoms in its inner cavity. It is mainly found in the liver and spleen but also in serum at trace levels. Serum ferritin is considered as the best single indicator in assessing body iron stores except liver or bone marrow biopsy. However, it is confounded by other disease conditions. Ferritin bound iron (FBI) and ferritin saturation have been suggested as more robust biomarkers. The current techniques for FBI determination are limited by low antibody specificity, low instrument sensitivity and possible analyte losses during sample preparation. The need for a highly sensitive and reliable method is widely recognized. Here we describe a novel technique to detect serum FBI using species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry (SS-IDMS). [(57)Fe]-ferritin was produced by biosynthesis and in vitro labeling with the (57)Fe spike in the form of [(57)Fe]-citrate after cell lysis and heat treatment. [(57)Fe]-ferritin for sample spiking was further purified by fast liquid protein chromatography. Serum ferritin and added [(57)Fe]-ferritin were separated from other iron species by ultrafiltration followed by isotopic analysis of FBI using negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Repeatability of our assay is 8% with an absolute detection limit of 18 ng FBI in the sample. As compared to other speciation techniques, SS-IDMS offers maximum control over sample losses and species conversion during analysis. The described technique may therefore serve as a reference technique for clinical applications of FBI as a new biomarker for assessing body iron status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of ferritin bound iron in human serum using species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Ren

Walczyk

2014

Metallomics

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“…Current research on FBI however, is fairly limited. Available evidence suggests SF is relatively iron-poor [97][98][99][100][101][102][103], compared to liver ferritin [98]. However, the data for specific pathologies is sparse and from relatively small sample groups.…”

Section: Ferritin-bound Iron: Current Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Re-examining ferritin-bound iron: current and developing clinical tools

Grant

Clucas

McColl

et al. 2020

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Iron is a highly important metal ion cofactor within the human body, necessary for haemoglobin synthesis, and required by a wide range of enzymes for essential metabolic processes. Iron deficiency and overload both pose significant health concerns and are relatively common world-wide health hazards. Effective measurement of total iron stores is a primary tool for both identifying abnormal iron levels and tracking changes in clinical settings. Population based data is also essential for tracking nutritional trends. This review article provides an overview of the strengths and limitations associated with current techniques for diagnosing iron status, which sets a basis to discuss the potential of a new serum marker – ferritin-bound iron – and the improvement it could offer to iron assessment.

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“…The iron con tent of serum ferritin averages 5%> (range from 0 to 14%), while the mean iron con tent of liver ferritin is 16%, with a range from 7 to 32% [28].…”

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confidence: 99%

Delayed Decrease in Serum Ferritin in Polytransfused Children with Thalassemia Major after Continuous Subcutaneous Infusions of Desferrioxamine

Schettini¹,

Mautone²,

Altomare³

et al. 1981

Acta Haematol

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A longitudinal study has been conducted on serum ferritin concentrations in children with thalassemia major treated with desferrioxamine (DFO), both intramuscularly and by continuous subcutaneous infusion, in order to evaluate the time interval after which iron chelation becomes effective. In a first group of 19 children, treated intramuscularly with DFO at a dose of 20 mg/kg for 20 days a month, ferritin levels were followed for 739 days and a progressive increase with a significant linear correlation with time was seen. The daily increase was calculated to be 8.53 ± 1.95 ng/ml. In the second group of 12 children treated with DFO by continuous subcutaneous infusion (≥ 20 mg/kg/day for 6 days a week), the increase in ferritin was markedly lower, the mean daily value being 4.77 ± 3.30 ng/ml. Only after the first 360 days of treatment did the serum ferritin decrease, by 1.95 ± 3.32 ng/ml/day, in spite of a mean daily iron contribution from blood transfusions of 7.09 ± 2.69 mg/day. These changes in serum ferritin led us to conclude that one can only expect to obtain a decrease in the body’s iron overload after more than a year of treatment with subcutaneous DFO.

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On the iron content of human serum ferritin, especially in acute viral hepatitis and iron overload

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Quantification of ferritin bound iron in human serum using species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Quantification of ferritin bound iron in human serum using species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Re-examining ferritin-bound iron: current and developing clinical tools

Delayed Decrease in Serum Ferritin in Polytransfused Children with Thalassemia Major after Continuous Subcutaneous Infusions of Desferrioxamine

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