Olive tree cultivars

Ilarioni, Luana; Proietti, Primo

doi:10.1002/9781118460412.ch5

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, a few cases of self‐fertilization were observed in bags used for controlled crosses on three Mediterranean olive varieties (“Koroneiki [L4‐R14],” “L4‐R17,” and “L4‐R19”). These observations confirm that some cultivated varieties can self‐cross in some conditions (e.g., Androulakis & Loupassaki, ; Bartolini & Guerriero, ; Fernàndez‐Bolanòs & Frìas, ; Ilarioni & Proietti, ; Koubouris, Breton, Metzidakis, & Vasilakakis, ; Marchese et al, ; Moutier, ; Wu, Collins, & Sedgley, ). This phenomenon has however been referred as leaky self‐incompatibility (Saumitou‐Laprade, Vernet, Vekemans, Billiard, et al, ) or pseudo‐self‐compatibility (Alagna et al, ), and may occur for some genotypes when flowers meet pollen limitation (particularly when confined in bags) or in peculiar environmental conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Paternity tests support a diallelic self‐incompatibility system in a wild olive (Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei, Oleaceae)

Besnard

Cheptou

Debbaoui

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Self‐incompatibility (SI) is the main mechanism that favors outcrossing in plants. By limiting compatible matings, SI interferes in fruit production and breeding of new cultivars. In the Oleeae tribe (Oleaceae), an unusual diallelic SI system (DSI) has been proposed for three distantly related species including the olive (Olea europaea), but empirical evidence has remained controversial for this latter. The olive domestication is a complex process with multiple origins. As a consequence, the mixing of S‐alleles from two distinct taxa, the possible artificial selection of self‐compatible mutants and the large phenological variation of blooming may constitute obstacles for deciphering SI in olive. Here, we investigate cross‐genotype compatibilities in the Saharan wild olive (O. e. subsp. laperrinei). As this taxon was geographically isolated for thousands of years, SI should not be affected by human selection. A population of 37 mature individuals maintained in a collection was investigated. Several embryos per mother were genotyped with microsatellites in order to identify compatible fathers that contributed to fertilization. While the pollination was limited by distance inside the collection, our results strongly support the DSI hypothesis, and all individuals were assigned to two incompatibility groups (G1 and G2). No self‐fertilization was observed in our conditions. In contrast, crosses between full or half siblings were frequent (ca. 45%), which is likely due to a nonrandom assortment of related trees in the collection. Finally, implications of our results for orchard management and the conservation of olive genetic resources are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Paternity tests support a diallelic self‐incompatibility system in a wild olive (Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei, Oleaceae)

Besnard

Cheptou

Debbaoui

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…In these sense, two different marketing strategies need to be fulfilled (i) producing standard quality extra-virgin olive oil at lower prices, and (ii) offering consumers a variety of extra-virgin olive oils with high quality standards and different sensory profiles. The first approach is usually related to super-intensive cultivation and highly mechanized harvesting methods, while the second is associated to preserving olive tree biodiversity and traditional methods as part of the extraordinary food traditions associated with the Mediterranean diet (Ilarioni and Proietti, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit Phenolic Profiling: A New Selection Criterion in Olive Breeding Programs

et al. 2018

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Olive growing is mainly based on traditional varieties selected by the growers across the centuries. The few attempts so far reported to obtain new varieties by systematic breeding have been mainly focused on improving the olive adaptation to different growing systems, the productivity and the oil content. However, the improvement of oil quality has rarely been considered as selection criterion and only in the latter stages of the breeding programs. Due to their health promoting and organoleptic properties, phenolic compounds are one of the most important quality markers for Virgin olive oil (VOO) although they are not commonly used as quality traits in olive breeding programs. This is mainly due to the difficulties for evaluating oil phenolic composition in large number of samples and the limited knowledge on the genetic and environmental factors that may influence phenolic composition. In the present work, we propose a high throughput methodology to include the phenolic composition as a selection criterion in olive breeding programs. For that purpose, the phenolic profile has been determined in fruits and oils of several breeding selections and two varieties (“Picual” and “Arbequina”) used as control. The effect of three different environments, typical for olive growing in Andalusia, Southern Spain, was also evaluated. A high genetic effect was observed on both fruit and oil phenolic profile. In particular, the breeding selection UCI2-68 showed an optimum phenolic profile, which sums up to a good agronomic performance previously reported. A high correlation was found between fruit and oil total phenolic content as well as some individual phenols from the two different matrices. The environmental effect on phenolic compounds was also significant in both fruit and oil, although the low genotype × environment interaction allowed similar ranking of genotypes on the different environments. In summary, the high genotypic variance and the simplified procedure of the proposed methodology for fruit phenol evaluation seems to be convenient for breeding programs aiming at obtaining new cultivars with improved phenolic profile.

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“…A large number of ancient cultivars still exist, but only a few are being cultivated for commercial reasons. The different olive cultivars present diverse morphological and physiological characteristics resulting in different uses and product qualities [13,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Olive Leaves from Unexploited Traditional Greek Cultivars for Their Phenolic Antioxidant Dynamic

Papoti

Παπαγεωργίου

Dervisi

et al. 2018

Foods

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Quality characteristics of olive products significantly depend on cultivar (cv), among other factors. In this study, seven traditional, noncommercial Greek cultivars, along with the commercial Spanish Arbequina cv., were examined for the phenolic antioxidant dynamic of their leaves. Polar extracts (aqueous, methanol, and ethanol) were analyzed for Total Phenol (TP), Flavonoid (TFL), Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives (THAD), Flavonol (TFLVN) contents, DPPH radical scavenging ability, and Ferric Reducing Capacity (FRAP). Selective characteristics of olive leaf methanol extracts for all cultivars were re-examined on a second sampling period. Olive leaf is considered a rich source of phenolic antioxidants total phenol content reaching 29.3 ± 1.3, 30.6 ± 0.4, and 27.0 ± 1.1 mg caffeic acid/g dry leaf for aqueous, methanol, and ethanol extracts, respectively) and all cultivars were considered of equal bioactive dynamic. TP data derived from Folin–Ciocalteu and another spectrophotometric assay employed presented a high correlation for all examined cases (R2 = 71.5–86.9%). High correlation (R2 = 0.92) was also found between TP and FRAP findings of aqueous extracts. Olive leaf is considered a promising source of phenolic antioxidants irrelevant to cultivar and therefore even cultivars less effective for oil or table olive production could be efficiently exploited for the bioactive dynamic of their leaves.

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Olive tree cultivars

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Paternity tests support a diallelic self‐incompatibility system in a wild olive (Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei, Oleaceae)

Paternity tests support a diallelic self‐incompatibility system in a wild olive (Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei, Oleaceae)

Fruit Phenolic Profiling: A New Selection Criterion in Olive Breeding Programs

Screening Olive Leaves from Unexploited Traditional Greek Cultivars for Their Phenolic Antioxidant Dynamic

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