Okul Öncesi Çocuklarının Bilim İnsanı Kavramına Yönelik Algıları

Abstract

Özet: Bu çalışma okul öncesi dönemde bulunan çocukların bilim insanı kavramına yönelik algılarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Trabzon ili Beşikdüzü ilçesinden rastgele seçilen iki anaokulunda öğrenim gören 48-72 ay aralığındaki 68 çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, Chambers'in (1983) "Bir Bilim İnsanı Çiz Testi" ve derinlemesine mülakat tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, araştırma üçgenlemesi yöntemi ile uzman görüşüne başvurularak temalar oluşturulmuş ve bu temalara göre analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre okul öncesi çocuklarının çoğu bilim insanını erkek, laboratuvarda çalışan, araştırmalar yapan ve karışımlar oluşturan, laboratuvar malzemeleri ve bilgisayar kullanan, önlük giyen ve gözlük takan kişiler olarak belirtmişlerdir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, çocuklara bilim insanı ile ilgili daha gerçekçi algılar oluşturmak amacıyla bilim insanı konulu etkinliklere daha fazla yer verilmesi önerilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bilim, Bilim İnsanı, Okul Öncesi, Çocuk, Algı The Perceptions of Preschool Children on the Concept of ScientistAbstract: This study was conducted to determine the perception of the concept of scientist for preschool children. The participants of this study consist of 68 children aged between 48-72 months. The children are randomly selected from the prescool in Beşikdüzü which is a town of Trabzon. Data of the study was collected through "Draw A Scientist Test" (Chambers, 1983) and in-depth interview. To evaluate the collected data, themes were created by using the triangulation method and the data were analyzed. According to the results of the analysis, most of the preschool children define the scientists as male and working in a laboratory, conducting researches, preparing mixture, using laboratory stuff, using a computer, wearing a laboratory coat and glass. Based on these results, it was proposed that there should be more activities which are about the scientist to let the children create more realistic perceptions.

I Can Draw a Scientist Whom I Imagined

“…Almost half of the girls drew the scientist as female and more than half of them drew as a man. Ayvacı et al (2016) found similar results in 48-72 monthold children's perceptions of scientist. Gonsoulin (2001) obtained similar results and stated that interestingly, male students drew a male scientist and female students drew only female scientist.…”

“…It was determined in the study conducted with 4800 children in the United Stateds, Australia, and Canada by Chambers (1983) that scientists were generally perceived as being male, bearded, having messy hair, glasses, wearing lab coats, and being engaged in test materials. Similar studies have been conducted by many researchers with children of different age groups (Ayvacı, Atik and Ürey, 2016;Finson, Beaver and Cramond, 1995;Flick, 1990;Güler and Akman, 2006;Huber and Burton, 1995;Kara and Akarsu, 2013;Kaya, Doğan and Öcal, 2008;Koballa, 1998;Koren and Bar, 2009;Krajkovich and Smith, 1982;Mason, Kahle and Gardner, 1991;Özgelen, 2012;Özsoy and Ahi, 2014;Rosenthal, 1993;Schibeci and Sorensen, 1983;Toğrol-Yontar, 2000;Türkmen, 2008). In the findings obtained from the studies, it was observed that children's stereotypical perceptions of scientists were male, working indoor area, wearing glasses, with test tubes, books, scattered hair and beard.…”

“…When children's perceptions of the scientist's gender were examined, more than half of the children drew the scientist as a man; whereas, the remaining ones expressed the scientist as female in their information is produced is widely accepted by the society, it should be taught to the children at early ages that the laboratory is the universe and the scientists can work in different places. The results of the study suggested that children perceived the science and the place for producing scientific information in a limited sense starting from the preschool period (Ayvacı et al, 2016).…”

“…In this study, it is sought the answer to the question of "What changes have been made in children's perceptions of scientists since the last studies?". When the literature in Turkey is examined, it is seen that the number of studies for the age group of 5-6 years is limited (Ayvacı et al, 2016;Güler and Akman, 2006). In addition, it is possible that the study would make great contribution to raising awareness in developing positive attitudes in children towards science and choosing science careers in the future via eliminating the stereotypical judgements and creating a positive perception about scientists.…”

48-69 Aylik Çocuklarin Çi̇zi̇mleri̇nde “Öğretmen”: Bi̇r Metafor Çalişmasi

“…Özellikle son yıllarda, çocukların araştırmaya dâhil edilmesine ve onların algı, düşünce ve duygularının kendilerinden elde edilmesine büyük önem verilmektedir (Christensen ve James, 2000). Bu çalışmaların yapımı sırasında sadece sözel araçların değil, görsel ve sanatsal ürünlerin de metaforik algıları destekleme noktasında kullanıldığı görülmektedir (Kindap ve Sayil, 2005;Ahi, Cingi ve Kıldan, 2016;Ayvacı, Atik ve Ürey, 2016;Sezgin ve Hatipoğlu, 2017;Şener, 2018;Civek ve Çakmak, 2019;Bay, Geyik ve Çalışkan, 2019). Bu nedenle çizimler ve beraberindeki anlatımlar birbirlerinden ayrı iki süreç olarak düşünülmemelidir.…”