Odds ratio analysis in women with endometrial cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the progress in diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumours, the effects of treatment are insufficient. Reduction of the risk of cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer is possible by introducing preventative actions.Aim of the study: The aim of the thesis is the analysis of selected risk factors that may affect the increase or decrease in the odds ratio of developing endometrial cancer.Material and methods: The study was conducted among patients of the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital of Poznań University of Medical Sciences in the years 2011-2013.The research included a total of 548 female respondents aged between 40 and 84 years. Women responded to questions assessing elements of lifestyle such as consumption of alcohol, smoking, and eating certain groups of foods.Results: The respondents consuming fruits and vegetables several times a week have a reduced risk of odds ratio and the OR is 0.85; 95% CI: 0.18-4.09, compared to the women who rarely consume vegetables and fruits. Consumption of whole-wheat bread several times a week reduces the risk of developing the cancer, OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.14-2.47, compared to women not consuming wholegrain bread at all. Respondents who consumed red meat, such as veal, pork, and lamb in the amount of 101-200 g per day have an increased risk of developing the disease: OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.09-4.28, compared to women not consuming red meat at all.Conclusions: A diet rich in fruit and vegetables, onions, garlic, whole grains, and beans should be introduced in order to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer. The consumption of red meat and white pasta should be reduced or even eliminated.Key words: endometrial cancer, risk factors, the odds ratio of developing the disease.

Dairy Products Intake and Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

“…Detailed characteristics of the studies are shown in Table 1 . Among the 16 case-control studies, 8 were conducted in North America [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 24 , 27 ], 6 in Europe (Bravi, F. et al; Filomeno, M. et al both included) [ 17 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 30 , 31 ], and 2 in Asia [ 18 , 25 ]. In the cohort studies, one population was from the NHS study in the US, and another was from EPIC in Europe.…”

“…Titles and abstracts were reviewed independently, and fifty pertinent articles were retrieved ( Figure 1 ). After going through the full texts, eighteen articles were considered for the meta-analysis [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Among the eighteen articles, there was one pooled article including another single study conducted by Bravi, who reported odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of milk, yogurt, and cheese separately rather than all together as total dairy [ 26 ].…”

“…Another study conducted by Ganmaa [ 28 ] also included the NHS I in the population, but the concerned outcome in the study was invasive adenocarcinoma. In total, 18 articles [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ] were included in the final analysis.…”

Modifiable lifestyle factors and ovarian cancer incidence in women

“…Based on the epidemiological research it can be concluded that vegetables and fruit are the main source of folic acid, which is involved in the biosynthesis of purines and DNA methylation. Reduced levels of folic acid can result in the impairment of the synthesis of nucleotides and DNA damage [17,18]. The respondents' consumption of 100 g of fruit and vegetables a day decreases the risk of ovarian cancer.…”

Lifestyle with particular emphasis on physical activity and genital carcinomas in women

“…Epidemiological studies have reported the protective effect of physical activity on the development of malignant tumors, mainly breast, endometrial, prostate, and colorectal cancer [1][2][3][4]. In addition, exercise has been known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis [5].…”