Ocular sporotrichosis: A frequently misdiagnosed cause of granulomatous conjunctivitis in epidemic areas

Yamagata, João Paulo M.; Rudolph, Fabiana B.; Nobre, Maria Clara L.; Nascimento, Leninha Valério do; Sampaio, Felipe Maurício Soeiro; Arinelli, Andrea; Freitas, Dayvison Francis Saraiva

doi:10.1016/j.ajoc.2017.09.005

Cited by 24 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Clinical similarities with other forms of conjunctivitis may lead ophthalmologists to initiate antibiotic treatment, thus postponing definitive treatment. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Sporotrichosis

Ribeiro¹,

Silva²,

Costa³

et al. 2020

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Purpose To present 10 cases of Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome caused by sporotrichosis. Observations We report 10 cases of Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome after contact with domestic cats diagnosed with sporotrichosis. They all showed ocular hyperemia associated with unilateral tarsal conjunctival granulomas. After histopathological study and culture of the scrapings and conjunctival secretions, six patients were positive for Sporothrix schenkii and four had a presumed diagnosis of Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome due to sporotrichosis. Treatment with 200 mg/day of oral itraconazole was started, and all patients had a favorable therapeutic response. Conclusion and importance These case reports are essential for characterizing a rare etiology of Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome.

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“…Clinical similarities with other forms of conjunctivitis may lead ophthalmologists to initiate antibiotic treatment, thus postponing definitive treatment. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Sporotrichosis

Ribeiro¹,

Silva²,

Costa³

et al. 2020

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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“…Recently, 2 cases of symblepharon and conjunctival fibrosis were designated as sequelae of ocular sporotrichosis. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 Ocular sporotrichosis has been reported more recently in the city of Rio de Janeiro, affecting healthy individuals with age varying from 14 to 68 years. 5 , 6 , 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary conjunctival sporotrichosis: An atypical presentation of the disease

et al. 2018

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“…Twenty-four patients (96%) reported contact with cats with sporotrichosis [47]. Granulomatous conjunctivitis due to Sporothrix presents with conjunctival edema, hyperemia, mucopurulent ocular discharge, grouped yellowish conjunctival nodules with a smooth, shiny surface, with or without unilateral lymphadenopathy [48]. In sporotrichosis POGS, preauricular lymphadenopathy was most frequently observed (88%), either alone or with cervical or submandibular involvement.…”

Section: Pogs Due To Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Parinaud’s Oculoglandular Syndrome: A Case in an Adult with Flea-Borne Typhus and a Review

Dixon

Dayton²,

Anstead

2020

TropicalMed

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Parinaud’s oculoglandular syndrome (POGS) is defined as unilateral granulomatous conjunctivitis and facial lymphadenopathy. The aims of the current study are to describe a case of POGS with uveitis due to flea-borne typhus (FBT) and to present a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to POGS. The patient, a 38-year old man, presented with persistent unilateral eye pain, fever, rash, preauricular and submandibular lymphadenopathy, and laboratory findings of FBT: hyponatremia, elevated transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, thrombocytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. His condition rapidly improved after starting doxycycline. Soon after hospitalization, he was diagnosed with uveitis, which responded to topical prednisolone. To derive a diagnostic and empiric therapeutic approach to POGS, we reviewed the cases of POGS from its various causes since 1976 to discern epidemiologic clues and determine successful diagnostic techniques and therapies; we found multiple cases due to cat scratch disease (CSD; due to Bartonella henselae) (twelve), tularemia (ten), sporotrichosis (three), Rickettsia conorii (three), R. typhi/felis (two), and herpes simplex virus (two) and single cases due to tuberculosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Pasteurella multocida, Chlamydia trachomatis, Epstein–Barr virus, and Nocardia brasiliensis. Preauricular lymphadenopathy is a common clinical clue for POGS and is unusual in viral and bacterial conjunctivitis. For POGS, the major etiological consideration is B. henselae, which is usually diagnosed by the indirect immunofluorescence serologic technique. Although CSD POGS is usually self-limited, oral azithromycin may hasten resolution. However, other possible etiologies of POGS may also arise from cat or cat flea contact: sporotrichosis, tularemia, Pasteurella multocida, or FBT. If there is no cat contact, other epidemiologic and clinical findings should be sought, because several of these conditions, such as tularemia, paracoccidioidomycosis, and tuberculosis, may have grave systemic complications. Although there are usually no long-term ocular sequelae if POGS is properly diagnosed, it still may cause prolonged ocular discomfort and require multiple physician contacts.

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Ocular sporotrichosis: A frequently misdiagnosed cause of granulomatous conjunctivitis in epidemic areas

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Ocular Sporotrichosis

Ocular Sporotrichosis

Primary conjunctival sporotrichosis: An atypical presentation of the disease

Parinaud’s Oculoglandular Syndrome: A Case in an Adult with Flea-Borne Typhus and a Review

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