Occult hepatitis B virus infection

Raimondo, Giovanni; Pollicino, Teresa; Cacciola, Irene; Squadrito, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2006.10.007

Cited by 452 publications

(328 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Whereas some studies have failed to demonstrate any association between OBI and HCV (16) (17) , others have reported a high prevalence of OBI in chronically infected HCV patients (18) (19) (20) . Similarly, a close association between OBI infection and the existence of anti-HCV antibodies among HD patients was reported (21) .There is a broad range of clinical implications for OBI because it carries the potential for HBV transmission through blood transfusions, organ transplantations and HD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Occult HBV infection status among chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Northeastern Egypt: regional and national overview

Mandour

Nemr

Shehata

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is considered to be one of the major risks for patients suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular hemodialysis (HD) and patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study compared the prevalence of OBI among these two high-risk groups in the Suez Canal region, Northeastern Egypt, to obtain a better national overview of the magnitude of OBI in this region. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 165 HD patients and 210 chronic HCV-infected patients. Anti-HCV antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), total hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) antibody, and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HCV RNA was detected using a quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay, and HBV was detected using a nested PCR. Results: All patients were negative for HBsAg. A total of 49.1% and 25.2% of the patients in the HD and HCV groups, respectively, were anti-HBc-positive. In addition, more anti-HBs-positive patients were detected in the HD group compared to the HCV group (52.1% and 11.4%, respectively). Three cases were positive for HBV DNA in the HD group, while eighteen positive cases were detected in the HCV group. Both study groups showed signifi cant differences in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level as well as anti-HBc, anti-HBs and HBV-DNA positivity. Conclusions: OBI was more prevalent among chronic HCV patients than HD patients in the Suez Canal region, Egypt, with rates of 8.5% and 1.8%, respectively. However, more precise assessment of this infection requires regular patient follow-up using HBV DNA detection methods.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Occult HBV infection status among chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Northeastern Egypt: regional and national overview

Mandour

Nemr

Shehata

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Ideally, standardized protocols for testing should be employed so that studies from different groups can be compared. In general, OBI prevalence appears to be higher among patients at high risk for HBV infection and with liver disease than among individuals at low risk of infection and without liver disease [9,[29][30][31] .…”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 95%

Occult hepatitis B virus co-infection in HIV-positive patients: A review of prevalence, diagnosis and clinical significance

Maldonado-Rodriguez¹,

Cevallos²,

Rojas-Montes³

et al. 2014

WJH

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“…Compared to chronic HBV cases, OBI patients generally have a lower serum viral load that is usually less than 200 IU/ml [5,7]. Previous studies show different mechanisms for controlling viral replication in seropositive and seronegative occult infections [8][9][10]. Although the mechanism causing OBI remains undefined, several factors have been suggested to play a potential role, including mutations of the HBV DNA sequence, integration of HBV DNA into host's chromosomes, infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by HBV, formation of HBV-containing immune complexes, altered host immune response, and interference of HBV by other viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study of serum microRNA signatures as a novel biomarker for occult hepatitis B virus infection

Chen

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2012

Med Microbiol Immunol

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The implementation of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening tests has significantly enhanced blood transfusion safety. However, the transmission of HBsAg-negative blood components can still occur in the acute phase of infection during the seronegative window period or during chronic stages of infection such as occult hepatitis virus B infection (OBI). OBI, characterized by the presence of HBV infection without detectable HBsAg, is capable to elude the routine detection with HBV serologic markers and harbor a potential risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. Here, we test the hypothesis that OBI patients have a differentially expressed profile of microRNA (miRNA) in serum, and this unique serum miRNA signature can serve as a biomarker to detect OBI. Employing TaqMan probe-based quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we assessed the expression level of miRNAs in serum samples. To control for miRNA quantitation, we added an exogenous plant miRNA, MIR156a, into the samples before RNA extraction and used it as an internal control. After screening 13 previously identified HBV-specific serum miRNAs, we obtained four miRNAs, let-7c, miR-23b, miR-122, and miR-150, which are differentially expressed in OBI sera compared to healthy control sera. This 4-serum miRNA signature shows a high level of accuracy in discriminating both OBI (AUC = 0.999) and HBV (AUC = 0.989) cases from the non-infected controls. Cluster analysis also demonstrates that this 4-miRNA signature can clearly separate OBI patients from the control group. Our results demonstrate for the first time that a profile of serum miRNAs can serve as a sensitive and accurate biomarker for OBI detection.

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Occult hepatitis B virus infection

Cited by 452 publications

References 146 publications

Occult HBV infection status among chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Northeastern Egypt: regional and national overview

Occult HBV infection status among chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Northeastern Egypt: regional and national overview

Occult hepatitis B virus co-infection in HIV-positive patients: A review of prevalence, diagnosis and clinical significance

A pilot study of serum microRNA signatures as a novel biomarker for occult hepatitis B virus infection

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