Occlusive therapy in historical perspective

Witkowski, Joseph A.; Parish, Lawrence Charles

doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00318.x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Not all physiological changes from occlusion are damaging to the skin. Occlusive dressings alone have been used as effective adjuvant therapy (24)(25)(26). The alleged healing power of silicon gel sheet on keloids is considered to be through its occlusiveness (27) and occlusion has also been used to treat psoriasis (28) and periungual verrucae (29).…”

Section: Accepted For Publication 2 June 1999mentioning

confidence: 99%

How irritant is water? An overview

1999

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Water is a skin irritant which deserves attention because of its ubiqujty. During the Vietnam war, soldiers suffered from painful swollen feet, so-called tropical immersion foot. In occupational dermatology, the importance of water as a skin irritant is especially appreciated. The irritancy of water has been demonstrated by occlusion experiments; occlusion with either closed chambers or water-soaked patches has been shown to produce clinical and histopathological inflammation . Functional damage, as revealed by increased transepidermal water loss, bas also been shown. Repeated water exposure without occlusion caused an increase in blood flow on irritated skin; however, clinical evaluation did not show a difference in dryness or scaling. Several mechanisms such as osmolarity, pH, hardness and temperature might account for the irritancy of water. Extraction or dilution of natural moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum is another po sible explanation. Occlusion per se also changes the physiology of skin and may trigger the activation of potentially active substances. However, much remains to be done to clarify the risk factors and mechanisms of water-induced irritation .

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Section: Accepted For Publication 2 June 1999mentioning

confidence: 99%

How irritant is water? An overview

1999

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“…Hydrocolloid dressings are self‐adhesive and can be left untouched for a week or more. They are waterproof, thus permitting bathing, and are protective, in addition to being cosmetically acceptable 7 . These advantages regarding ease of application, convenience, low cost and effectiveness suggest this treatment as a first‐line treatment for lichen amyloidosus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichen amyloidosus treated by hydrocolloid dressings

Hallel-Halevy

Finkelstein

Halevy

2004

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Moisture Vapor Transport Channels for the Improved Attachment of a Medical Device to the Human Body

Cunningham

Lowery

2004

Biomedical Microdevices

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Attachment of a small, medical device to the human body for an extended period of time in an ambulatory setting requires the careful consideration of the physical form of the device and the physiological constraints limiting the time a device will stay on the skin. Factors such as the size of the device, the area of the device available for attachment to the skin, and the occlusive nature of the materials in the device are likely to affect adhesion. Here, plastic acrylic disks, 25 mm in diameter, containing a crisscross pattern of air-filled channels were tested on the forearm and abdomen using a moderately aggressive, unsupported, pressure-sensitive transfer adhesive in a pilot human clinical study. After vigorous exercise, droplets of moisture were observed in the channels followed by evaporation of the droplets over time. Disks without channels remained attached to the skin for about a day and a half, while disks containing 450 microm deep channels remained on the skin about three times longer. Little difference was found when the channel-to-channel spacing was increased from 1.3 to 1.6 mm, however 230 microm deep channels were less effective than 450 microm deep channels. Overall, the moisture vapor transport channels appear capable of reducing the moisture content of the outermost stratum corneum layer of the skin, increasing the strength of the stratum corneum, and increasing the time a device remains attached to the skin. The median trial-to-trial relative standard deviation of 45% observed in the pilot study can be used to design appropriately powered studies for the comparison of different device designs.

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Occlusive therapy in historical perspective

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

How irritant is water? An overview

How irritant is water? An overview

Lichen amyloidosus treated by hydrocolloid dressings

Moisture Vapor Transport Channels for the Improved Attachment of a Medical Device to the Human Body

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