Observatórios Sociais e sua Importância para a Gestão Pública na Região Sul do Brasil

Abstract

O controle social das ações e gastos públicos têm se tornado cada vez mais frequentes no mundo todo. No Brasil, a Constituição Federal de 1988 é o marco deste processo, estabelecendo que o controle da Administração Pública deve ser realizado por órgãos do próprio poder público e pela sociedade. Neste sentido, o presente estudo visa analisar os benefícios financeiros e os benefícios não financeiros dos Observatórios Sociais (OS) na região Sul do país. Metodologicamente foram coletados e analisados os dados presentes no sítio oficial do Observatório Social do Brasil referentes aos estados do Paraná, Santa Cataria e Rio Grande do Sul, referentes ao ano de 2017. Para tanto, tem-se como principal resultado a indiscutível relevância do papel dos OS no controle dos gastos públicos. A análise financeira indica economicidade em todos os municípios em questão, variando a porcentagem, mas com significativa economia para os cofres públicos. Já as ações não financeiras realizadas pelos OS giram em torno do acompanhamento das licitações, de reuniões com agentes públicos e a disseminação do controle social por meio de palestras, cursos e capacitações. O que sinaliza o maior conhecimento e controle dos recursos públicos por parte da população.

Covid-Prev Observatory

“…According to Barbosa (2020), among the characteristics of observatories is the gathering of information in a single place, which makes it possible to have a faster and more agile visualization. Goulart et al (2020) show that social observatories initially appeared in the United States and Europe to transmit information to society, and that in Brazil their emergence occurred with the promulgation of the Federal Constitution in 1988, consolidating important movements in the Brazilian society and influencing the development of observatories on public policies. In practice, observatories are technical platforms that allow individuals to stabilize and archive their data that is decentralized (Van Kleek et al, 2014).…”

“…Observatories have the commonality of monitoring the functioning or performance of a specific sector or issue, and they usually collect, record, track and interpret data, produce statistical indicators, create methodologies to code, classify and categorize information, establish connections between people working in similar areas, and monitor and analyze trends (Albornoz & Herschmann, 2006;Goulart et al, 2020). By systematically monitoring an issue of collective interest, an observatory exercises social control and, although it does not have the power to exercise direct sanction on rulers, the action of observatories can mobilize and influence other accountability mechanisms (Schommer & Moraes, 2011).…”

“…For Rigoni and Parra (2017) and Goulart et al (2020), the social observatories work in favor of transparency and in the correct application of public resources, bringing together representative organizations of civil society and volunteers in a democratic and non-partisan space, and the monitoring carried out by them is essential for the efficiency of public acts. Thus, this study considers that social observatories, and in particular the Covid-Prev Observatory, can serve as a tool of transparency and accountability in public management, to the extent that they can generate analysis and disclosure the results of integrated data and, as a tool of transparency, raise the level of accuracy of the observer (Bernstein, 2017;Barbosa, 2020).…”

“…Similarly to other social observatories, the Covid-Prev Observatory can contribute to the improvement of public management with citizenship practices and popular participation, in addition to supporting public managers so that they develop with excellence the provision of services to society, also enabling a more effective participation of people as an organized civil society (Goulart et al, 2020). The information released in the Covid-Prev Observatory represented an opportunity for academics, professionals and society in general to observe the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Brazilian social security system, demonstrating, among other findings, that:…”

“…Social observatories generally monitor the performance of a specific sector or theme, centralizing diverse information in a single communication channel (Goulart, Troian, & Quispe, 2020). Thus, in this context of demand for true information, dispersed information and in different degrees of complexity, the social observatories could be used as tools for transparency and quality of the disclosed information, favoring social control (Baldissera et al, 2019).…”