A three-year study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rainfall on the emergence of Smicronyx guineanus Voss and Sm. umbrinus Hustache adults and the vertical distribution of pupae in the soil. Field collection of data was conducted in 1990, 1991 and 1993 in sorghum and millet fields infested by Striga hermonthica at Kaya and Ouahigouya (Burkina Faso, West Africa). In 1993, experiments were conducted in an insectary with the use of simulated rainfall. Ten, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mm of rainfall were stimulated and the effect on the pupal emergence noted. Each of the six levels of the factor 'rainfall' was tested with pieces of Striga flower, stem and no Striga present. A highly significant difference was observed among rainfall heights and an optimum rainlall of 30-40 mm was found for Smicronyx adult emergence. No interaction was found between rainfall and Striga. To assess the vertical distribution of Smicronyx pupae in soil, five field quadrats were collected at Kaya and Ouahigouya respectively in October 1991October , 1992October and 1993. Four vertical layers, 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, and 15-20 cm, were extracted separately and 0-5 and 5-10 cm layers showed significantly higher percentages of Smicronyx pupae in 1991 (63.2%) and 1993 (58.9%).