Observation of α-terthiophene excited dimer fluorescence in aqueous solutions of γ-cyclodextrin

Feyter, Steven De; Stam, Jan van; Imans, Frank; Viaene, L.; Schryver, F. C. De; Evans, Christopher H.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2614(97)00911-1

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[6] According to the literature, there are only few publications known that involve the complexation of CDs with (hetero)-aromatic compounds, that can be polymerized to p-conjugated polymers. De Feyter and coworkers studied the aterthiophene/g-CD complex with excited dimer fluorescence in aqueous solution, [7] whereas Dong and coworkers electrochemically polymerized an aniline/a-CD complex to exclude a certain theory regarding by-products formed during the electrochemical formation of polyaniline. [8] Lacaze and coworkers studied the electrochemical polymerization of a 2,2¢-bithiophene/hydroxypropyl-b-CD complex in water, claiming the formation of an organic solvent soluble polythiophene.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cyclodextrins in Polymer Synthesis: Supramolecular Cyclodextrin Complexes of Pyrrole and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and Their Oxidative Polymerization

et al. 2000

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Dedicated to Professor Helmut Ringsdorf on the occasion of his 70th birthday p-Conjugated polymers, often referred to as conducting polymers or synthetic metals, have created enormous interest over the past 25 years. Due to the substantial p-electron delocalization along their backbones, these polymers show interesting (nonlinear) optical properties and become good electronic conductors when oxidized or reduced. Hence, a prominent and active role is foreseen for these compounds in a variety of practical applications such as information storage, optical signal processing, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and solar energy conversion, as well as rechargeable batteries, light emitting diodes, field effect transistors, printed circuit boards, sensors, and antistatic materials. [1] Conducting polymers can be prepared by various chemical and electrochemical polymerization techniques. Due to the physical characteristics of the monomers used, electrochemical polymerization of these compounds meets with several disadvantages that hamper their commercialization. For example, low solubility of monomers in water forces the use of less environmentally friendly organic solvents such as chloroform or acetonitrile, whereas their relatively high vapor pressure causes unpleasant and unhealthy odors. A further disadvantage is the tendency of the monomers to degrade due to exposure to air and/or light. In order to overcome these problems we investigated the use of cyclodextrins (CDs) as inert host molecules.Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides built up from 1,4-glucopyranose units that exhibit a torus-shaped structure with a hydrophobic cavity and a hydrophilic exterior. They are increasingly utilized for their inclusion complexing properties, [2] resulting in a large number of applications in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industry. Furthermore, there are numerous studies showing that CDs can be used in organic chemistry, e.g., as microvessels for organic synthesis [3] and in polymer chemistry. Examples of the latter include the use of CD as an initiator for polymerizations, [4] the radical polymerization of CD complexed methacrylate esters or other monomers, [5] and CD polymers that are used as stationary phases for chromatography. [6] According to the literature, there are only few publications known that involve the complexation of CDs with (hetero)-aromatic compounds, that can be polymerized to p-conjugated polymers. De Feyter and coworkers studied the aterthiophene/g-CD complex with excited dimer fluorescence in aqueous solution, [7] whereas Dong and coworkers electrochemically polymerized an aniline/a-CD complex to exclude a certain theory regarding by-products formed during the electrochemical formation of polyaniline. [8] Lacaze and coworkers studied the electrochemical polymerization of a 2,2¢-bithiophene/hydroxypropyl-b-CD complex in water, claiming the formation of an organic solvent soluble polythiophene. [9] Recently, the same group also published the electrochemical polymerization of s...

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Cyclodextrins in Polymer Synthesis: Supramolecular Cyclodextrin Complexes of Pyrrole and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and Their Oxidative Polymerization

et al. 2000

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“…7,[21][22][23][24][25] Moreover, the oligothiophenes exhibit unique versatile emissions depending on the intermolecular distance. [26][27][28] If the distance between the terthiophene groups is around [3][4] A, p-p stacking may occur which allows a blue emission; 27,29 when the distance is increased to [4][5][6][7] A, one may obtain green emissions from the excimers. 26,30 At distances larger than 7 A, there will be no interaction between the terthiophene groups so that one obtains a violet emission from the monomers.…”

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confidence: 99%

A surfactant-assisted unimolecular platform for multicolor emissions

et al. 2012

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We present here a simple molecular assembly approach to multicolor emissions based on a unimolecular platform of a terthiophene-containing amphiphile TTC4L. The amphiphiles selfassemble into vesicles in solution which exhibit a blue emission. Upon controlling the distance between the fluorescent terthiophene groups by transformation of the self-assembly of TTC4L molecules into their co-assembly with surfactants, the color of the emissions can be continuously tailored which covers most of the visible region. Since the multi-colors were obtained without any structural modification on the fluorescent molecules, we have demonstrated a real unimolecular platform for fabricating multicolor emissions. In contrast, only dual emissions can be obtained from TTC4L using host-guest chemistry. As a simple approach of 'tunable emissions', this surfactant-assisted unimolecular platform opens a new vista for the application of molecular assemblies in advanced light emitting materials.

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“…Particular efforts are currently being made in the chemical synthesis of nanodisperse gallium nitride, motivated by the importance of the group-13 nitride materials for new optoelectronic devices operating at short wavelengths of the optical spectrum. However, in the absence of a suitable chemistry to nucleate and grow GaN particles in homogeneous solution, most reports on nanodisperse GaN deal with the solid-state pyrolysis of molecular or polymeric precursors such as cyclotrigallazane [7] or polymeric gallium imide. [8] Consequently, only powder samples of GaN are obtained, which consist of agglomerated particles exhibiting nanocrystalline domains rather than colloids of free-standing particles.…”

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“…[6] Scanning force microscopy (SFM) has been employed to simultaneously determine both the topography and resistivity of multiwalled nanotubes. [7] In this work one end of the tube was buried under an Au contact and the other end was probed with a metallized cantilever tip using an SFM. However, in these experiments the mechanical properties of the electrical contact were not investigated.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, in these experiments the mechanical properties of the electrical contact were not investigated. We prepared single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) for SFM analysis in a similar way to that described above for multiwalled nanotubes, [7] by covering one end of the SWNT with a thin gold film. [8] With the use of metallized tips, simultaneous force±distance F(z) and current±distance I(z) curves along the uncovered end of the nanotube were obtained (z being the piezo displacement in the direction normal to the sample surface).…”

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Solution Synthesis of Colloidal Gallium Nitride at Unprecedented Low Temperatures

et al. 2000

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Free‐standing colloids of gallium nitride have been synthesized from azide‐based “single‐source” precursors—molecules that contain both the metal and nitrogen—e.g., [Et2Ga(N3)]3. The solution synthesis is described and the examination of the resulting colloids by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, etc. detailed. GaN is an important III–V semiconductor with applications in light‐emitting diodes, lasers, sensors, and high‐temperature electron devices, and it is suggested that in the future a solution preparation of such devices may become possible on the basis of GaN colloidal chemistry.

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Observation of α-terthiophene excited dimer fluorescence in aqueous solutions of γ-cyclodextrin

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Cyclodextrins in Polymer Synthesis: Supramolecular Cyclodextrin Complexes of Pyrrole and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and Their Oxidative Polymerization

Cyclodextrins in Polymer Synthesis: Supramolecular Cyclodextrin Complexes of Pyrrole and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene and Their Oxidative Polymerization

A surfactant-assisted unimolecular platform for multicolor emissions

Solution Synthesis of Colloidal Gallium Nitride at Unprecedented Low Temperatures

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