Observation of Fractional Charge of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mfrac><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:math>on Matter

LaRue, George S.; Phillips, James D.; Fairbank, W. M.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.46.967

Cited by 178 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…1 If these observations should be confirmed by further experimental tests, two alternatives may be considered in the context of current particle theory: (1) color SU(3) is broken, and liberated quarks, 2 or diquarks, 3 have been observed, or (2) the observed charges are due to color singlet (l_ c ) particles with fractional charge. We have begun a study of the second alternative in the framework of a grand unified theory (GUT) of the electroweak and strong interactions.…”

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confidence: 92%

Fractionally Charged Color-Singlet Fermions in a Grand Unified Theory

1981

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confidence: 92%

Fractionally Charged Color-Singlet Fermions in a Grand Unified Theory

1981

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“…McCusker claimed detection of free quarks in early cosmic rays searches [12], but this has not been confirmed in much more extensive modern searches. Using a superconducting levitometer method, LaRue et al [11] reported the existence of fractionalcharged particles in niobium, but Smith et al [13] found no such particles using a ferromagnetic levitometer on a 5 times larger niobium sample.…”

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confidence: 99%

Search for Fractional-Charge Particles in Meteoritic Material

Kim

Lee

et al. 2007

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We have used an automated Millikan oil drop method to search for free fractional-charge particles in a sample containing in total 3.9 mg of pulverized Allende meteorite suspended in 259 mg of mineral oil. The average diameter of the drops was 26:5 m with the charge on about 42 500 000 drops being measured. This search was motivated by the speculation that isolatable, fractional-charge particles produced in the early Universe and present in our Solar System are more likely to be accumulated in asteroids than on Earth's surface. No evidence for fractional-charge particles was found. With 95% confidence, the concentration of particles with fractional-charge more than 0.25 e (e being the magnitude of the electron charge) from the nearest integer charge is less than 1:3 10 ÿ21 particles per nucleon in the meteoritic material and less than 1:9 10 ÿ23 particles per nucleon in the mineral oil.

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“…framework consistent with the standard ideas in GUTs (such as SU(S), S0(1 0) or E(6)) which would allow for the observation of free quarks, as reported by the laboratory of Fairbank [6]. SU(3)-color is spontaneously broken to S0(3)-glow via a color 27 of Higgs (which is contained in tile adjoint X adjoint of these GUTs).…”

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confidence: 62%

“…(Note that although no quark search· has been made using Pd, Fairbank and collaborators [6) found evidence for free quarks on little spheres of the transition metal niobium at a level as large as 1 quark/1 0 19 Nb molecules. )…”

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confidence: 99%