Obesity as a risk factor for tooth loss over 5 years: A population‐based cohort study

Vallim, Ana Carolina; Gaio, Eduardo José; Oppermann, Rui Vicente; Rösing, Cassiano Kuchenbecker; Albandar, Jasim M.; Susin, Cristiano; Haas, Alex Nogueira

doi:10.1111/jcpe.13378

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, chronic systemic inflammation impairs the individual's immune response and, therefore, increases the risk of periodontitis onset and progression, 8,29 which may result in tooth loss. 6 On a similar note, the findings of our study agree with the previous literature, showing that obesity, [30][31][32] dysglycemia, 33 reduced HDL cholesterol 34 and hypertension 35 are also associated with tooth loss through the same aforementioned mechanisms. Then, the combination of these metabolic abnormalities in MetS can reinforce its effect on tooth loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Counterfactual approach on the effect of metabolic syndrome on tooth loss: A population‐based study

Souza

Nascimento

Gonzalez-Chica

et al. 2021

Journal of Periodontology

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Background This study aimed to investigate the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on tooth loss in adults from a population‐based sample. Methods Cross‐sectional analysis based on data from a cohort study (2009 to 2014) with adults from Southern Brazil. MetS (exposure), lack of functional dentition and number of lost teeth (outcomes) were assessed using self‐reported, laboratory and clinical data. Possible confounders included sex, age, family income, education level, smoking status, and sugar consumption. The effect of MetS on the outcomes was estimated using conventional logistic or negative binomial regression models. Marginal structural modeling (MSM) with stabilized weights (a counterfactual analytical method) was also used to enhance group comparability and estimate causal effects. Results A total of 1,283 participants had available information for the outcomes. Individuals with MetS were more likely to experience a lack of functional dentition than those without MetS (odds ratio [OR] from logistic regression, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.9; OR from MSM, 3.2; 95% CI, 2.3 to 4.6). Moreover, the number of teeth lost was 20% higher in participants with MetS compared with those without MetS in conventional analysis (mean ratio [MR], 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.3). The MR increased to 1.7 (95% CI, 1.5 to 2.0) when using MSM. Conclusion Our findings provide evidence on the effect of MetS on tooth loss.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Counterfactual approach on the effect of metabolic syndrome on tooth loss: A population‐based study

Souza

Nascimento

Gonzalez-Chica

et al. 2021

Journal of Periodontology

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“…Our data confirm evidence found in previous studies indicating that obese subjects present more severe cases of periodontitis than normo-weighted subjects, independently of their oral hygiene habits [ 17 ]. A recent study showed that obesity is also associated with a higher risk of tooth loss over five years [ 34 ]. In our study, obese subjects had significantly more missing teeth than normo-weighted subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Drives an Oral Microbiota Signature of Female Patients with Periodontitis: A Pilot Study

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to analyze the link between oral microbiota and obesity in humans. We conducted a pilot study including 19 subjects with periodontitis divided into two groups: normo-weighted subjects (NWS) with a body mass index (BMI) between 20 and 25 (n = 9) and obese subjects (OS) with a BMI > 30 (n = 10). Obesity was associated with a poor oral health status characterized by an increased number of missing teeth and a higher score of periodontal-support loss associated with dysbiotic oral microbiota (39.45 ± 3.74 vs. 26.41 ± 11.21, p = 0.03 for the Chao 1 index). Oral microbiota taxonomic analysis showed that the abundance of the Capnocytophaga genus was higher (2.47% ± 3.02 vs. 0.27% ± 0.29, p = 0.04) in OS compared to NWS. Obese females (OF) were characterized by an increase in the Streptococcus genus (34.12% ± 14.29 vs. 10.55% ± 10.42, p = 0.05) compared to obese males (OM), where the Neisseria genus was increased (5.75% ± 5.03 vs. 58.05% ± 30.64, p = 0.008). These first data suggest that sex/gender is determinant in the link between oral dysbiotic microbiota and obesity in patients with periodontitis. Our results could lead to recommendations concerning therapeutic strategies for obese patients with periodontitis following the sex/gender.

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“…Several cohort and intervention studies related to obesity and periodontitis have been conducted. Recent cohort studies indicated that obesity is a risk factor for tooth loss [71] and that obesity is associated with worse mean probing pocket depth following periodontal therapy [72•]. Several reports have investigated the association between the degree of obesity and systemic effects of periodontal inflammation.…”

Section: Clinical Studies On the Association Of Periodontitis And Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Link Between Periodontal Inflammation and Obesity

Iwashita

Hayashi

Nishimura

et al. 2021

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Purpose of Review Obesity is a trigger for multiple diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity may be a risk factor for periodontal disease. Recently, there have been reports of presumed mechanisms of the associations between periodontitis and lipid metabolism or thermogenesis. This review aims to discuss the link between periodontal disease and energy regulatory function based on recent findings. Recent Findings It has been demonstrated that activation of the C-C motif chemokine ligand/C-C chemokine receptor 7 pathway in adipose tissue induces inflammation and impairment of lipid metabolism and energy regulation in mice. Porphyromonas gingivalis administration has been shown to induce further weight gain and increased adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice. Additionally, it has been reported that Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced endotoxemia potentially affect obesity by altering endocrine functions in brown adipose tissue in mice. Several cohort studies have shown that obesity is associated with tooth loss 5 years later, and periodontal conditions of obese individuals are significantly worse 2 and 6 months after the treatment compared with those of non-obese individuals. It has also been reported that body mass index is positively associated with the periodontal inflamed surface area index, a measure of periodontal inflammation. These results suggest that not only the enhancement of inflammation due to obesity but also the activation of inflammatory signaling may affect energy regulation. Summary Loss of adipose tissue homeostasis induces increase and activation of immune cells in adipose tissue, leading to impaired immune function in obesity. Various cytokines and chemokines are secreted from obese adipose tissue and promote inflammatory signaling. Some of these signaling pathways have been suggested to affect energy regulation. The combination of obesity and periodontitis amplifies inflammation to levels that affect the whole body through the adipose tissue. Obesity, in turn, accelerates the exacerbation of periodontitis.

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Obesity as a risk factor for tooth loss over 5 years: A population‐based cohort study

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Counterfactual approach on the effect of metabolic syndrome on tooth loss: A population‐based study

Counterfactual approach on the effect of metabolic syndrome on tooth loss: A population‐based study

Obesity Drives an Oral Microbiota Signature of Female Patients with Periodontitis: A Pilot Study

The Link Between Periodontal Inflammation and Obesity

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