Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective

Brashier, Bill; Salvi, Sundeep

doi:10.1155/2013/198068

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…307 However, abdominal obesity is also associated with an increased prevalence of asthma. 308 It has been reported that both asthma and obesity were independently and synergistically associated with systemic inflammation. 309 Adipokines and asthma.…”

Section: -231mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, and the Associated Health Risks: Causes and Therapeutic Strategies

Manna

Jain

2015

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

802

541

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Obesity is gaining acceptance as a serious primary health burden that impairs the quality of life because of its associated complications, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, asthma, sleep disorders, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and infertility. It is a complex metabolic disorder with a multifactorial origin. Growing evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a role as the critical factor linking obesity with its associated complications. Obesity per se can induce systemic oxidative stress through various biochemical mechanisms, such as superoxide generation from NADPH oxidases, oxidative phosphorylation, glyceraldehyde auto-oxidation, protein kinase C activation, and polyol and hexosamine pathways. Other factors that also contribute to oxidative stress in obesity include hyperleptinemia, low antioxidant defense, chronic inflammation, and postprandial reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, recent studies suggest that adipose tissue plays a critical role in regulating the pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity and its related co-morbidities. To establish an adequate platform for the prevention of obesity and its associated health risks, understanding the factors that contribute to the cause of obesity is necessary. The most current list of obesity determinants includes genetic factors, dietary intake, physical activity, environmental and socioeconomic factors, eating disorders, and societal influences. On the basis of the currently identified predominant determinants of obesity, a broad range of strategies have been recommended to reduce the prevalence of obesity, such as regular physical activity, ad libitum food intake limiting to certain micronutrients, increased dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, and meal replacements. This review aims to highlight recent findings regarding the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated risk factors, the role of dysfunctional adipose tissue in development of these risk factors, and potential strategies to regulate body weight loss/gain for better health benefits.

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Section: -231mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, and the Associated Health Risks: Causes and Therapeutic Strategies

Manna

Jain

2015

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

802

541

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“…Restrictive type of lung function abnormalities are frequently observed among obese subjects responsible for alteration in respiratory mechanics [60]. Abdominal and thoracic fat deposition are associated with work of breathing [60,61]. Our results indicate a significant decline in the predicted values of both FEV 1 and PEFR with increasing body fat%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Alterations in lung functions based on BMI and Body fat % among obese Indian population at National Capital Region

Kamal¹,

Kesavachandran²,

Bihari³

et al. 2015

Nepal J Epidemiology

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Abstract:Background:In India, non-asthmatic hospital admission case study has been conducted to find out the relationship between obesity and lung functions. The main objective of the present study was to find out the alterations in lung functions due to obesity among Indian population living at National Capital Region (NCR). Materials and Methods:We examined 609 non obese and 211 obese subjects in a cross sectional study from National Capital Region, India with age group ranges between 18-70 years. BMI and body fat % was determined using body fat analyzer. Obese and non-obese subjects were classified based on criteria for BMI and Body fat %. Lung function test viz., FEV 1 and PEFR were conducted using portable spirometer (PIKO-1). Results:A significant correlation (p<0.05) was observed between BMI and PEFR among non-obese male and female subjects. Decline in PEFR and FEV 1 values for corresponding increase in body fat % was observed among study subjects. A significant (p<0.01) decline in mean FEV 1 and PEFR was observed among non-obese and obese subjects, compared to their Indian reference standards for lung functions. A significant negative correlation (p<0.01) was observed between body fat % and lung functions (FEV 1, PEFR). Conclusion: It is concluded that obese subjects are at a risk of lung function impairment, based on the criteria followed for BMI and body fat %. The study also demonstrate that body fat% classification as a better index for determination of obese subjects compared to BMI classification, with respect to lung function impairments.

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“…Cirillo et al [21], in an analysis of 18,162 participants from the third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey, found that total cholesterol and LDL had no significant influence on the decline of FEV 1 , which was also observed in our study. It is important to remember that a decline in FEV 1 may not be a reliable and sensitive measure of airway dysfunction in obesity or related diseases because these structural changes are more dominant in the peripheral/ small airways, and FEV1 is not sensitive enough to evaluate the complexity of these heterogeneous alterations accurately [22]. Thus, the airway resistance could be a more relevant marker to track the infinitesimal change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the Serum Metabolic Profile and Lung Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2018

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OBJECTIVES:Although dietary patterns are known to modulate disease severity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the relationship between the circulating lipid profile and lung function in COPD has not been studied extensively. MATERIAL AND METHODS:There were 43 COPD patients with a history of smoking and 39 patients with a history of biomass fuel exposure recruited in this study, along with 43 age-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent complete lung function profiling, and their glucose and lipid profiles were measured. The association between the metabolic profile and lung function was assessed using the Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient. RESULTS:52.4% of the COPD patients were smokers compared to the healthy group (46.5%). We found an inverse correlation between triglyceride and functional residual capacity (p=-0.21, p=0.05) and a positive association between serum cholesterol and overall airway resistance (R5) (p=0.24, p=0.04) and central airway resistance (R20) (p=0.32, p=0.004). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio and LDL/HDL ratio were also found to correlate with R5 (p=0.25, 0.23, and 0.22, respectively) and R20 (p=0.31, 0.24, and 0.24, respectively). No significant association was observed between other metabolites and either spirometric or plethysmographic lung function indices. CONCLUSION:High serum triglyceride and cholesterol may increase the resistance in the airways, which may lead to increased airway obstruction. Therefore, monitoring of lipid profile should be considered in the diagnosis and management of COPD.

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Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective

Cited by 21 publications

References 148 publications

Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, and the Associated Health Risks: Causes and Therapeutic Strategies

Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, and the Associated Health Risks: Causes and Therapeutic Strategies

Alterations in lung functions based on BMI and Body fat % among obese Indian population at National Capital Region

Association between the Serum Metabolic Profile and Lung Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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