O Processo de (Des)Construção da Multiprofissionalidade na Atenção Básica: Limites e Desafios a Efetivação do Trabalho em Equipe na Estratégia Saúde da Família em João Pessoa-PB

Abstract

1 2 3 4 RESUMO Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a percepção dos profissionais de nível superior da Atenção Básica sobre o processo de construção da Multiprofissionalidade nas Equipes de Saúde da Família do DS III do município de João Pessoa. Material e Métodos: A investigação teve caráter exploratório, através de uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. Foram aplicados 15 questionários semi-estruturados aos profissionais das Equipes de Saúde completas de nível superior (Enfermeiro, Médico, Dentista) e os Apoiadores Matriciais contemplando 04 ESF do referido distrito. As informações colhidas foram organizadas, categorizadas e examinadas com o intuito de recombinar as evidências, tendo em vista as proposições iniciais do estudo. Resultados. Com relação ao perfil observamos uma predominância do gênero feminino com 60% de representatividade. Entre as categorias profissionais e reforçando o debate, verificamos que a maioria dos profissionais são dentistas com 33% de representatividade, enfermeiros 27%, médicos 20%, farmacêutico 13% e apenas 7% fisioterapeutas. Foi verificado com referência ao vínculo empregatício dos profissionais que 80% dos entrevistados são prestadores de serviço. Cerca de 66% consideram o ACS como a categoria profissional que mais facilita o trabalho em equipe Conclusão: A partir da análise conclui-se que, apesar da iniciativa de reestruturação do modelo de atenção a saúde e a ESF está pautado no princípio do trabalho Multiprofissional há um movimento de "desconstrução" do trabalho multiprofissional quando ficam evidenciadas ações fragmentadas, desarticuladas, individualistas. DESCRITORES Saúde da Família. Assistencia Integral à Saúde. Saúde Pública. SUMMARYMultiprofessionalism has been reported in the literature on health care models as a tool of paramount importance to the construction of more integrative and interdisciplinary practices compatible with the expanded concept of health, and new forms of collective work in health with emphasis to the multiprofessional work team. The family health team has been considered a privileged locus for performance of that practice. This study aimed to analyze the perceptions of primary health care professionals on the process of building multiprofessionalism in the Family Health Teams of the III Sanitary district of the city of Joao Pessoa. The research had exploratory nature, through a qualitative and quantitative approach. Were applied 15 semi-structured questionnaires to health team's professionals with complete degree (Nurse, Doctor, and Dentist) and to matrix supporters, contemplating 04 FHT of that district. The collected information was organized, categorized and examined in order to recombine the evidence, given the initial propositions of the study. Results: With regard to the profile observed, there was female predominance with 60% representation. Among the occupational categories, it was found that most professionals were dentists with 33% representation, followed by nurses (27%), physicians (20%), pharmacists (13%) and only 7% we...

Drug users hosting in a Basic Health Unit

“…The diversity of practices and knowledge of each professional core would be the scope for health care production more in tune with current policies, such as the Psychosocial Care Network. Thus, multi professionality not necessarily denote interdisciplinarity, because although bringing the advantage of increasing therapeutic possibilities, it can induce an installment process of care and fragmentation of work in services, abandoning the principle of comprehensiveness in Health Care, as observed in this study (1,17) .…”

“…Even with the proposed changes to the under-graduate nursing curriculum in a more aligned approach to the design of comprehensive health, educational institutions still hold in their curricula the biomedical model, fragmented into specialties, which results in difficulties when entering the labor market organized by the guidelines of the Unified Health System (5,10,17) . The continuing education of the professionals is a key strategy for tackling this problem by proposing the breakdown of barriers between the cores of knowledge, to produce other relationships between individuals, workers, and users, as protagonists in health care (6) .…”

“…There is the need to provide undergraduate students to experience the daily services during the training period, bringing the future professionals a more realistic perspective of scientific knowledge and what is expected of him in practice services (5) . Also, historically, the constitution of nursing work occurs in a traditional training, which favors a subordinate culture to obscure the description of the assignments for each hierarchical level (16)(17) .…”

“…One possibility to ensure the completeness and responsibility is the matrix support, as a strategy of Psychosocial Care Network, so there is circularity of the specific knowledge of each professional core -but that was not mentioned by any of the respondents as a resource for reorganization of its practice, despite being widespread in mental health of Campinas (3,12,(17)(18) . The support matrix provides that professional experts be in direct contact with the teams of primary care, in a horizontal relationship and together, establishing new action strategies for complex problems, providing technical assistance and support for the teams (17)(18) .…”

O modelo de atenção à saúde na formação em enfermagem: experiências e percepções

“…São fatores relacionados à história da formação profissional, pois, muitos daqueles que hoje estão à frente do processo de formação e da atenção à saúde foram formados sob concepções diferentes. É comum ouvir-se falar de perfil profissional mais ou menos resistente, mas sabe-se que há determinantes para além de questões subjetivas 20,21 . Foi constatada, nos resultados deste estudo, a rigidez das organizações acadêmicas e dos serviços.…”