Nutritional repercussions in patients submitted to bariatric surgery

Abstract

BackgroundFew studies evaluated the association between nutritional disorders, quality of life and weight loss in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.AimTo identify nutritional changes in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and correlate them with weight loss, control of comorbidities and quality of life. MethodA prospective cohort, analytical and descriptive study involving 59 patients undergoing bariatric surgery was done. Data were collected preoperatively at three and six months postoperatively, evaluating nutritional aspects and outcomes using BAROS questionnaire. The data had a confidence interval of 95%.ResultsThe majority of patients was composed of women, 47 (79.7%), with 55.9% of the series with BMI between 40 to 49.9 kg/m². In the sixth month after surgery scores of quality of life were significantly higher than preoperatively (p<0.05) and 27 (67.5 %) patients had comorbidities resolved, 48 (81.3 %) presented BAROS scores of very good or excellent. After three and six months of surgery 16 and 23 presented some nutritional disorder, respectively. There was no relationship between the loss of excess weight and quality of life among patients with or without nutritional disorders.ConclusionsNutritional disorders are uncommon in the early postoperative period and, when present, have little or no influence on quality of life and loss of excess weight.

Impact of Deficient Nutrition in Bone Mass After Bariatric Surgery

“…These data are similar to those 3 , which showed after one year of gastric Roux-en-Y procedure bypass, an average of daily protein intake of 0.5±0.3 g/kg/day. In another study that evaluated the same technique, 10,2% consumed insufficient amount of protein 31 .…”

“…According to the latest recommendations of the Institute of Medicine, women and men aged 30-50 years should ingest 1.000 mg of calcium per day. Various studies have demonstrated the low intake of calcium after bariatric surgery 21 , 31 . Another important factor is that, besides the reduction in dietary intake of calcium, a reduction in their absorption of up to 34% after six months of the procedure occurs due to the changes in the anatomy of the gastro-intestinal tract 26 .…”

Impact of Vitamin D and Calcium Deficiency in the Bones of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review

“…None of them presented complete elimination of bone loss, but showed a significant difference in bone resorption, mainly by parathyroid hormone, which increases the activity of osteoclasts leading to the destruction of the cortical bone, showing also marked deficiency of vitamin D 10 , 23 , weakening the bones and the possibility of fractures in postoperative period. Avgerinos et al, 2007 2 in his important prospective cohort in individuals of both genders for two years have shown the importance of vitamin D supplementation to prevent the decrease of calcium in the bones.…”

“…The Roux-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an operation which is considered gold standard treatment alternative for severe obesity 3 because it promotes less severe absorption and complications than traditional malabsorption procedures, such as jejunoileal bypass 3 , 15 , 26 . The malabsorption procedures have been recognized as a risk factor for the development of bone 5 , 8 , 12 , 17 , 28 disease as a result of modification of calcium (Ca) metabolism and impairment of its absorption 4 , 7 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 22 , 23 . Only a few studies have investigated the absorption of Ca prospectively in patients with jejunoileal bypass and showed that absorption decreases by 50% after surgery 7 , 14 , 22 .…”

Repercussões da cirurgia bariátrica na qualidade de vida, no perfil bioquímico e na pressão arterial de pacientes com obesidade mórbida

“…Surgical techniques differ according to the action mechanism, and can be restrictive of mixed, predominantly absorbing or restrictive 6 . The Fobi-Capella mixed technique is regarded as the gold standard, being the most used among all surgical procedures 7,8 , providing low morbimortality and a proper resolution of comorbidities, without major nutritional compromises or gastrointestinal symptoms 9 . The BS arises as a form of treatment with potential for healing several comorbidities associated with obesity by standardizing glycemic and pressure levels and some blood variables, such as HDL, LDL, and triglycerides, with possible improvement in the quality of life (QOL) of the obese person 10 .…”