Nutritional quality of processed milk containing carrageenan

Abstract

MILK CONTAINING CARRAGEENAN fresh and frozen corn are preferred. But is fresh corn aroma preferred over frozen because of the high concentration of H2S in frozen corn? Obviously, more research needs to be done in this area to answer this and other questions.

Influence ofβ‐glucanase on feeding value of barley for poultry and moisture content of excreta

“…This may reflect increased growth of intestinal flora (Gohl, 1977). Increased water consumption by fowls receiving dietary barley and producing sticky droppings has been observed previously (Rose and Arscott, 1962) and this is 44 B. GOHL, S. ALDEN, K. ELWINGER AND S. THOMKE typical of animals receiving indigestible hydrocolloids (Nilson and Schaller, 1941;Wagner, 1951, 1959;Tomarelli et al, 1974). The most important hydrocolloid in barley is j3-glucan which can be hydrolysed by enzymes present in the barley kernel, if the barley is ground and soaked in water (Gohl, 1977).…”

Carrageenan: a review

“…Groups of 12 male and 25 female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a diet containing 4% processed, heat-sterilised kappa/lambda-carrageenan for six months. There was no effect on growth rate, and the caecum and colon were normal on gross and microscopic examination (Tomarelli et al 1974). Addition of 5% iota-carrageenan from E. spinosum to the diet of 10 male Wistar rats for 56 days resulted in slight diarrhoea (Grasso et al 1973).…”

“…Many pharmacokinetics studies concerning the oral administration of carrageenans have been conducted in rats (Carey 1958;Hawkins and Yaphe 1965;Dewar and Maddy 1970;Grasso et al 1973;Tomarelli et al 1974;Coulston et al 1975;Pittman et al 1976;Chen et al 1981;Nicklin and Miller 1984;Arakawa et al 1988;Nicklin et al 1988), guinea-pigs (Grasso et al 1973;Engster and Abraham 1976), rabbits (Udall et al 1981) and Rhesus monkeys (Abraham et al 1972;Mankes and Abraham 1975;Pittman et al 1976;Abraham et al 1983). In groups of five rats that received 0.5% native carrageenan (iota-carrageenan from E. spinosum) or 5% degraded carrageenan for 10 days, faecal excretion and weight gain were similar between the two polymers (Dewar and Maddy 1970), and native carrageenan (kappa/lambda from C. crispus), untreated or heat-sterilised in milk, was quantitatively excreted in the faeces of rats (Tomarelli et al 1974).…”

“…In groups of five rats that received 0.5% native carrageenan (iota-carrageenan from E. spinosum) or 5% degraded carrageenan for 10 days, faecal excretion and weight gain were similar between the two polymers (Dewar and Maddy 1970), and native carrageenan (kappa/lambda from C. crispus), untreated or heat-sterilised in milk, was quantitatively excreted in the faeces of rats (Tomarelli et al 1974). No carrageenan was found in the livers of rats fed 25% native carrageenan (kappa/lambda from C. crispus or Iridaea crispata) in the diet for one month (Chen et al 1981), of rats fed diets containing 1% or 5% carrageenan (kappa from Gigartina spp., iota from E. spinosum) (Coulston et al 1975), or of rats fed diets containing 5% Chondrus crispus carrageenan (kappa/lambda) for 13 weeks (Pittman et al 1976).…”

Public health and carrageenan regulation: a review and analysis

“…Despite official sanction for use in food, over the last 50 years, carrageenan has been subjected to intense scrutiny for potential health risks associated with human consumption. Controversy and debate about carrageenan and human health have periodically flared in academic literature and the media (see for example Borthakur et al, 2007;Chapman, 2001;Cohen et al, 2002;Marcus et al, 1969;Shah et al, 2003;Tobacman, 1998Tobacman, , 2001Tobacman et al, 2001a;Tomarelli et al, 1974).…”