Nutritional Interventions for Elderly and Considerations for the Development of Geriatric Foods

Silva²,

et al. 2021

Rev Cienc Saude

Objective: To evaluate the association between oral nutritional supplementation and clinical and nutritional outcomes in the management of hospital malnutrition. Methods: This is a longitudinal observational study conducted by collecting electronic medical records of patients admitted to a university hospital between 2019 and 2020. Malnourished adult and elderly patients, who have been eating exclusively orally and using a nutritional supplement, were included.Sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical, nutritional risk, nutritional assessment, acceptance of nutritional prescription and characteristics of the nutritional supplement used were analyzed. An α = 5% was considered. Results: Forty patients were evaluated, most of them elderly and male. Among the oral nutritional supplements, the high-calorie and high-protein types were more prevalent, with an offer twice a day, average use of 39 days, and total acceptance of the nutritional prescription by only 30% of the patients. This nutritional intervention resulted in a slight improvement in anthropometric data, with no significant difference. Conclusion: Using the oral nutritional supplement for a longer period and better adherence would possibly present greater nutritional benefits to patients.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between oral nutritional supplementation and clinical and nutritional outcomes in the management of hospital malnutrition

Silva²,

et al. 2021

Rev Cienc Saude

“…It is probable that adults may show greater chances of developing iodine deficiency when compared to the younger population due to their lower milk consumption [48]. The decreased milk consumption may be linked to some factors in the elderly population, such as dietary habits, avoiding milk for its cholesterol level, reduced appetite, gustatory dysfunction, reduced basal metabolism, and economic issues [49].…”

Section: Adulthood and The Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Micronutrients from Zygote to Senility: Updated Review of Minerals’ Role and Orchestration in Human Nutrition throughout Life Cycle with Sex Differences

et al. 2021

Micronutrients such as selenium, fluoride, zinc, iron, and manganese are minerals that are crucial for many body homeostatic processes supplied at low levels. The importance of these micronutrients starts early in the human life cycle and continues across its different stages. Several studies have emphasized the critical role of a well-balanced micronutrient intake. However, the majority of studies looked into or examined such issues in relation to a specific element or life stage, with the majority merely reporting the effect of either excess or deficiency. Herein, in this review, we will look in depth at the orchestration of the main element requirements across the human life cycle beginning from fertility and pregnancy, passing through infancy, childhood, adolescence, and reaching adulthood and senility, with insight on the interactions among them and underlying action mechanisms. Emphasis is given towards approaches to the role of the different minerals in the life cycle, associated symptoms for under- or overdoses, and typical management for each element, with future perspectives. The effect of sex is also discussed for each micronutrient for each life stage as literature suffice to highlight the different daily requirements and or effects.

“…Besides direct intervention in the aging process (being the domain of anti-aging medicine), a healthy lifestyle should be advocated from the beginning of life, as an approach delaying both the occurrence of aging itself and that of ARDs (Saint Martin et al, 2017;Kaur et al, 2019) The first steps would be to implement healthy food, physical activity, and decreased stress (Bowen et al, 2019;Park and Lee, 2019). This seems to be wishful thinking; however, this approach would likely be more rewarding than non-specifically targeting aging.…”

Section: What Can Be Done To Face the Aging Of The Society?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are We Ill Because We Age?

et al. 2019

Growing elderly populations, sometimes referred to as gray (or silver) tsunami, are an increasingly serious health and socioeconomic concern for modern societies. Science has made tremendous progress in the understanding of aging itself, which has helped medicine to extend life expectancies. With the increase of the life expectancy, the incidence of chronic age-related diseases (ARDs) has also increased. A new approach trying to solve this problem is the concept of geroscience. This concept implies that the aging process itself is the common cause of all ARDs. The corollary and consequence of such thinking is that we can and should treat aging itself as a disease. How to translate this into the medical practice is a big challenge, but if we consider aging as a disease the problem is solved. However, as there is no common definition of what aging is, what its causes are, why it occurs, and what should be the target(s) for interventions, it is impossible to conclude that aging is a disease. On the contrary, aging should be strongly considered not to be a disease and as such should not be treated; nonetheless, aging is likely amenable to optimization of changes/adaptations at an individual level to achieve a better functional healthspan.