Nutritional composition and antioxidant activity in hazelnut shells from US‐grown cultivars

Abstract

The hard shell of a hazelnut is a major waste of the hazelnut industry. The chemical composition, phenolic compounds (total phenolics, tannins and condensed tannins), antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS freeradical scavenging assays), and the relationships between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of the hazelnut shells from twelve US grown cultivars were investigated to for potential commercial development. Crude fibre accounted for over 85% of total carbohydrate. The shells contained high concentrations of phenolic compounds. Concentrations of phenolic constituents and ABTS •+ -scavenging capacities were significantly higher (P > 0.05) in the Oregon cultivars than their Nebraska counterparts. There were significant positive correlations between ABTS •+ scavenging capacities and the phenolic compounds, whereas DPPH • -scavenging capacity demonstrated a weak negative correlation with ABTS •+ scavenging capacity and the phenolics. The results suggest that hazelnut hard shell may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants for food applications.

Seasonal, gender and regional variations in total phenolic, flavonoid, and condensed tannins contents and in antioxidant properties from Pistacia atlantica ssp. leaves

“…Hence, the lack of correlation between CTC and DPPH is in agreement with Xu et al. ( 2012 ) and Chew et al. ( 2011 ), who reported that low molecular weight antioxidants were more effective as DPPH scavengers.…”

Seed Protein and Starch Qualities of Drought Tolerant Pigeonpea and Native Tepary Beans

“…The RS values of pure starches were low compared to those in whole ground seed powder and were not in line with the reported valuesof increased resistant starch content in starch obtained from peeled chickpea by Xu et al (2012). The present observations of reduced values of RS were supported by similar observation in teparybean (Abbas et al, 1987) and were due to differences in granule structure, crystallinity and amylose content and due to increased enzyme availability.…”

“…The amylose content was high in W1 and W2 (11-12.3%) compared to G1 and G2 (7.8-11%) in pigeonpea. The values of ground seed powder were close to the previous results obtained in food legumes (Narina et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2012). The starches observed in pigeonpea and tepary bean were C-type and were entirely resistant to digestion by pancreatic amylases with resistant starch type III (RS3) as explained by Asp and Bjorck (1992).…”

Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods

“…Hazelnut shell is an important agricultural residue that is used principally as a solid fuel in Turkey [1]. The shells account for the majority of the by-products of hazelnuts, as the kernel occupies less than 50% of the total nut weight [2]. The annual generation of the shells is in the range of 25-40 * 10 4 tons in the Black-Sea region of Turkey [3].…”