Numerical Study on the Inhibition Control of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway

Abstract

To solve the problem of thermal runaway is one of the necessary conditions for the commercialization of lithium-ion batteries. In order to further explore the reaction mechanism of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries, a thermal model is built by using a variety of side reactions to further study the inhibition of temperature on thermal runaway. The results show that thermal runaway is triggered by the heat generation of negative material reaction when it is heated to 473.15 K; lower heat dissipation temperature (273.15 K) cannot effectively inhibit the occurrence of thermal runaway.

Impact of Individual Cell Parameter Difference on the Performance of Series–Parallel Battery Packs

“…However, the battery has a safety hazard in a high-temperature environment, because the high-temperature environment will destroy the chemical balance in the battery and cause side reactions. 35 The battery’s health will be jeopardized if adverse responses occur. A thermal runaway will occur inside the battery if the temperature rises too high, causing the risk of a battery explosion.…”

“…The usable capacity of the battery at high temperatures is increased to some extent in comparison to that at low temperatures, primarily because the higher temperature increases chemical activity inside the battery. However, the battery has a safety hazard in a high-temperature environment, because the high-temperature environment will destroy the chemical balance in the battery and cause side reactions . The battery’s health will be jeopardized if adverse responses occur.…”

Study on the Flammability Limits of Lithium-Ion Battery Vent Gas under Different Initial Conditions

“…Feng et al provided a comprehensive review of the thermal runaway mechanism of LIBs for electric vehicles . Many scholars have carried out a lot of research on the thermal runaway phenomenon of batteries, including the experimental study on fire behaviors, − emission measurement during thermal runaway, − the simulation of thermal runaway propagation process, and so forth. During the process of thermal runaway, the temperature of the battery increases sharply and a lot of battery vent gas (BVG) is released.…”

Thermal and Electrochemical Analysis of Thermal Runaway Propagation of Samsung Cylindrical Cells in Lithium-ion Battery Modules

“…13 The mechanism of thermal runaway for most abuse conditions begins with an increase in temperature to the point that the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) begins to react and produce heat and oxygen. 19,20 This reaction is exothermic and causes the internal cell temperature to further rise. After continuing to rise, the temperature will exceed safe limits and an internal safety vent, pouch, or casing will rupture releasing oxygen, diethyl carbonate (or other carbonates that serve as electrolyte solvents) into the enclosure; if not vented, the flammable diethyl carbonate can accumulate on the surface of neighboring cells and can be a cause of thermal runaway propagation due to the generated heat, and much more probabilistic if an ignition source available.…”

“…After continuing to rise, the temperature will exceed safe limits and an internal safety vent, pouch, or casing will rupture releasing oxygen, diethyl carbonate (or other carbonates that serve as electrolyte solvents) into the enclosure; if not vented, the flammable diethyl carbonate can accumulate on the surface of neighboring cells and can be a cause of thermal runaway propagation due to the generated heat, and much more probabilistic if an ignition source available. 19 At this point, when venting has occurred the thermal rise event is initiated but can be avoided by rapid cooling. 18 If the temperature continues to rise the separator begins to melt causing continued internal short circuiting and allowing side reactions to occur at the anode and cathode surface.…”