Numerical model of hybrid mode-locked Tm-doped all-fibre laser

Abstract

Ultrafast Tm-doped fibre lasers have been actively studied for the last decade due to their potential applications in precise mid-IR spectroscopy, LIDARs, material processing and more. The majority of research papers is devoted to the comparison between a numerical modelling and experimental results; however, little attention is being paid to the comprehensive description of the mathematical models and parameters of the active and passive components forming cavities of Tm-doped all-fibre lasers. Thus, here we report a numerical model of a stretched-pulsed Tm-doped fibre laser with hybrid mode-locking and compare it with experimental results. The key feature of the developed numerical model is employment of the experimentally measured dispersion coefficients and optimisation of some model parameters, such as the bandwidth of the spectral filter spectral filtering and the saturation power of the active fibre, for a conformity with the experiment. The developed laser emits 331.7 fs pulses with a 23.8 MHz repetition rate, 6 mW of average power, 0.25 nJ of pulse energy, and a 21.66 nm spectral bandwidth at a peak wavelength of 1899.5 nm. The numerical model characteristics coincide with experimentally achieved spectral width, pulse duration, and average power with inaccuracy of 4.7%, 5.4%, and 22.9%, respectively. Moreover, in the discussion of the work the main possible reasons influencing this inaccuracy are highlighted. Elimination of those factors might allow to increase accuracy even more. We show that numerical model has a good agreement with the experiment and can be used for development of ultrafast Tm-doped fibre laser systems.

All-fiber ultrafast amplifier at 1.9 μm based on thulium-doped normal dispersion fiber and LMA fiber compressor

“…4d. Satellite pulses can be seen near the main pulse, associated with the excess accumulated nonlinearity by the pulse in the amplifier and also probably with the initially existing subpulses, which appear as small wings in the input autocorrelation and discussed in our previous work 17 . The center peak has a 71 fs duration and contains 64.5% (9.4 nJ) of the energy per pulse period (14.6 nJ) for horizontal polarization state, and the corresponding pulse peak power of 128.7 kW.…”

“…The master oscillator (MO) was the stretched-pulsed Tm-doped all-fiber ring laser with hybrid mode-locking, a detailed description of which is given in the work 17 . The nonlinear polarization evolution and single-wall carbon nanotubes were used as the mode-locking mechanisms.…”

“…Dudley 25 . The gain model of active fiber was used as in the work 17 . The model uses the dispersion of the fibers shown in Fig.…”

“…A pulse obtained from the model described in our previous work was used as the pulse input to the amplifier 17 . The difference from the previous work is in the specified parameters of the fibers, which reduced only the maximum calculated average laser power by 2 times.…”

Deterministic Transfer of Large-Scale β-Phase Arsenic on Fiber End Cap for Near-Infrared Ultrafast Pulse Generation

“…Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted various interests since the first discovery of monolayer graphene in 2004 and have shown great potential in near-infrared ultrashort pulse fiber laser generation. In the past decade, facing wide range application requirements of near-infrared ultrashort pulse (Jackson, 2012;Geng et al, 2014), such as LIDAR (Tang et al, 2016), optical communications (Moulton et al, 2009;Soref, 2015), material science (Salam et al, 2021;Shaodong et al, 2021), mid-infrared laser sources (Pawliszewska et al, 2017;Tuo et al, 2018), spectroscopy (Donodin et al, 2020;Xu N. et al, 2020), and biomedicine (Chen et al, 2019;Martov et al, 2020), a series of 2D material SA have been realized for pulse fiber laser generation. The applications in increasingly extensive fields demand the discovery of novel 2D material SA with particular properties.…”