Numerical investigation of concrete subjected to compressive impact loading. Part 1: A fundamental explanation for the apparent strength gain at high loading rates

Modifications of RHT material model for improved numerical simulation of dynamic response of concrete

“…[20][21]). At this juncture, it may be worth noting that the interpretation of the experimental data from the high strain rate tests is a subject of constant scrutiny; depending on the scale of observation there may be different explanations as to what is the real cause of the experimentally observed rate sensitivity of the concrete strength (e.g., [22][23][24]). A detailed discussion on the underlying mechanisms is beyond the scope of the present paper.…”

Experimental investigation of the behavior of aramid fiber reinforced polymer confined concrete subjected to high strain-rate compression

“…Moreover, it has been suggested that the significant increase in compressive strength at high strain rate beyond a transition point may not be ''real'', but a result influenced by inertia effect [27,20]. However, Zhou and Hao [28] indicated that the increase of DIF is mainly due to the strain-rate effect when the strain rate is less than 200.…”

“…The radial deformation of the metal bar generated during tests may affect the transformation of kinetic energy [20]. Therefore, the one-dimensional stress wave hypothesis was inconsistent in stress.…”

Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Structures under Impact Loads

“…Hence, there is a risk of overestimating the strength gain if finite element codes calculate the failure of concrete by using both strain rate dependent strength increase factors and confining stresses due the inertia. Later studies 18,19 proved this point numerically, by modeling fictitious concrete specimens loaded under high strain rates and observing a strength increase with only considering the confining stresses due to the lateral inertia. The discussions on this subject are still premature, and more research is needed.…”