Numerical expression of color emotion and its application

Universal models of colour emotion and colour harmony

“…Models of the three scales were accordingly developed on the basis of single‐colour emotion data collected in this study, using the framework of Ou et al's models of colour emotion based on Sato et al's ellipsoid modelling methods for colour emotion . The ellipsoid modelling uses the concept of colour difference formulae where a reference colour is assigned in a uniform colour space (e.g., CIELAB) to have the lowest intensity of colour emotion in question and any test colour that is located further away in the colour space from this reference colour, the more intense the test colour will tend to appear in terms of the colour emotion in question.…”

“…The term “colour emotion” has been used in several recent studies to describe a research area investigating the relationship, in terms of word pairs such as “warm/cool” or “heavy/light,” between colour and the affective quality of the colour itself (e.g., colour patches) or of the environment/product (e.g., a real‐scale lit environment or simulated images).…”

“…Psychophysiological scaling methods have also been used to collect biofeedback data, including measurement of skin conductance, electroencephalogram, corrugator electromyography and heart rate. 25 Principal component analysis has been widely used for extraction of underlying factors of colour emotion scales . Multiple regression methods were used in developing mathematical models of colour emotion responses …”

“…25 Principal component analysis has been widely used for extraction of underlying factors of colour emotion scales . Multiple regression methods were used in developing mathematical models of colour emotion responses …”

Cross‐regional comparison of colour emotions Part II: Qualitative analysis

“…In connection to this part of the work, a computerbased system for colour emotional response has been built so that the colour emotional response from those regions with respect to any displayable colours can be easily obtained. 10 As the semantic expressions of the colour emotions are important, more colour emotion word pairs should be included in future studies. As culture and geographical difference can strongly influence the colour emotional response, to date, similar experiments have been conducted in eight countries and regions, including in Europe, Australia, and elsewhere in Asia.…”