Nucleic Acid Aptamers: Research Tools in Disease Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Santosh, Baby; Yadava, Pramod Kumar

doi:10.1155/2014/540451

Cited by 75 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Aptamers, for example, are small molecules with either nucleic acid or peptide structure that bind specific ligands, created by an in vitro affinity selection among a large amount of random sequences. [170] Due to their size advantage, there is an increasing interest on them in the FET community, as demonstrated by the large amount of ultrasensitive silicon nanowire-based aptasensors developed during the last years for detection of neuronal potassium ion efflux [57] (Figure 10b), dopamine [171] (Figure 10c), thrombin, [52] PSA, [172] and antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [173] among others. [170] Due to their size advantage, there is an increasing interest on them in the FET community, as demonstrated by the large amount of ultrasensitive silicon nanowire-based aptasensors developed during the last years for detection of neuronal potassium ion efflux [57] (Figure 10b), dopamine [171] (Figure 10c), thrombin, [52] PSA, [172] and antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [173] among others.…”

Section: Small Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Silicon Nanowire Devices and Their Functional Diversity

et al. 2019

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In the pool of nanostructured materials, silicon nanostructures are known as conventionally used building blocks of commercially available electronic devices. Their application areas span from miniaturized elements of devices and circuits to ultrasensitive biosensors for diagnostics. In this Review, the current trends in the developments of silicon nanowire‐based devices are summarized, and their functionalities, novel architectures, and applications are discussed from the point of view of analog electronics, arisen from the ability of (bio)chemical gating of the carrier channel. Hybrid nanowire‐based devices are introduced and described as systems decorated by, e.g., organic complexes (biomolecules, polymers, and organic films), aimed to substantially extend their functionality, compared to traditional systems. Their functional diversity is explored considering their architecture as well as areas of their applications, outlining several groups of devices that benefit from the coatings. The first group is the biosensors that are able to represent label‐free assays thanks to the attached biological receptors. The second group is represented by devices for optoelectronics that acquire higher optical sensitivity or efficiency due to the specific photosensitive decoration of the nanowires. Finally, the so‐called new bioinspired neuromorphic devices are shown, which are aimed to mimic the functions of the biological cells, e.g., neurons and synapses.

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Section: Small Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Silicon Nanowire Devices and Their Functional Diversity

et al. 2019

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“…15 cycles), the sequences obtained are cloned, sequenced and their binding affinity, secondary structure and Gibbs energy are evaluated in order to select the aptamers with high affinity and specificity to the target molecule (Darmostuk et al, 2015;Dua et al, 2011;Radom et al, 2013;Santosh and Yadava, 2014;Song et al, 2012;Syed and Pervaiz, 2010;Vikesland and Wigginton, 2010). The specific properties of aptamers as bioreceptors in the development of aptasensors offer some advantages over methods that are mainly based on standard affinity receptors (e.g.…”

Section: Aptamer-based Biosensors: Aptasensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric aptasensors for protein disease biomarkers detection: A review

Meirinho

Dias

Peres

et al. 2016

Biotechnology Advances

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An electrochemical aptasensor is a compact analytical device where the bioreceptor (aptamer) is coupled to a transducer surface to convert a biological interaction into a measurable signal (current) that can be easily processed, recorded and displayed. Since the discovery of the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Enrichment (SELEX) methodology, the selection of aptamers and their application as bioreceptors has become a promising tool in the design of electrochemical aptasensors. Aptamers present several advantages that highlight their usefulness as bioreceptors such as chemical stability, cost effectiveness and ease of modification towards detection and immobilization at different transducer surfaces. In this review, a special emphasis is given to the potential use of electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of protein disease biomarkers using voltammetry techniques. Methods for the immobilization of aptamers onto electrode surfaces are discussed, as well as different electrochemical strategies that can be used for the design of aptasensors.

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“…To date, a large variety of aptamers had been developed through SELEX technology, including aptamers targeting small molecules (such as dyes, metal ions, amino acids, and short peptides), biologic macromolecules (nucleic acids and proteins), molecular complexes, viruses, bacteria, live cells, and whole organisms [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Aptamers combine nanomolar range targetbinding affinities with exquisite target specificity, which makes them a versatile tool for diagnostics, in vivo imaging, and targeted therapeutics [12,[26][27][28][29]. Moreover, compared to protein antibodies, aptamers offer unparalleled advantages, as they can be chemically synthesized through a simple process, modified with a variety of functional groups and/or imaging reporters, and elicit little to no immunogenicity or toxicity in preclinical studies [30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of a ssDNA-based Aptamer that Selectively Targets Epithelial Carcinoma Cells

Ge¹

2014

J Mol Biomark Diagn

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Epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a biomarker highly expressed on the surface of epithelial carcinoma cells. Consequently, it has been widely used for detection of carcinoma tumors and isolation of individual circulating cancer cells and EpCAM-targeting therapeutics are undergoing pre-clinical and clinical testing against several types of carcinomas. Aptamers are a new class of small oligonucleotide ligands that bind to their targets with high affinity and specificity, and are thus termed "chemical antibodies." In comparison to protein antibodies, aptamers are smaller in size, which improves their tissue penetration potential, and elicit few to no immunogenic responses. Furthermore, our previous studies revealed that ssDNA, compared to RNA aptamers are significantly more stable in human serum and thus, are suitable for in vivo use. In this study, by using a hybrid cell-biomarker selection approach, we developed ssDNA-based aptamers specific for EpCAM. We identified a dominant aptamer sequence (58.7% of >0.5 million sequence reads) that contained both loop and stem structures, and specifically targeted EpCAM-expressing carcinoma cells with high binding affinity (Kd=12 nM). Validation studies indicated that the newly synthesized aptamer targeted a variety of cultured carcinoma cells, including pancreatic, breast, ovarian, prostate, and colon cancer cells, but did not react with cultured EpCAM-negative leukemia and lymphoma cells. In addition, the aptamer recognized EpCAM-expressing, patient-derived primary normal and carcinoma cells. Finally, the aptamer selectively targeted carcinoma cells in complex cell mixtures, and showed no reactivity to mononucleated or red blood cells, demonstrating its suitability for therapeutic in vivo use.

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Nucleic Acid Aptamers: Research Tools in Disease Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Cited by 75 publications

References 95 publications

Hybrid Silicon Nanowire Devices and Their Functional Diversity

Hybrid Silicon Nanowire Devices and Their Functional Diversity

Voltammetric aptasensors for protein disease biomarkers detection: A review

Development and Characterization of a ssDNA-based Aptamer that Selectively Targets Epithelial Carcinoma Cells

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