Novel sulfonated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes filled chitosan composite membrane for fuel‐cell applications

Ahmed, Saad; Ali, Muhammad; Cai, Yanfei; Lu, Yunhua; Ahmad, Zaheer; Khannal, Santosh; Xu, Shiai

doi:10.1002/app.47603

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Increasing environmental pollution and depleting natural resources have emphasized the need for clean and sustainable energy [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. One of the most effective methods for this purpose is the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. In recent years, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have gained much consideration in energy fields owing to their high effectiveness and environmental friendliness [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Sulfonated Titanium Oxide Incorporated Chitosan Nanocomposite Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

et al. 2021

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In this study, nano-TiO2 sulfonated with 1,3-propane sultone (STiO2) was incorporated into the chitosan (CS) matrix for the preparation of CS/STiO2 nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell applications. The grafting of sulfonic acid (–SO3H) groups was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The physicochemical properties of these prepared membranes, such as water uptake, swelling ratio, thermal and mechanical stability, ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity, were determined. The proton conducting groups on the surface of nano-TiO2 can form continuous proton conducting pathways along the CS/STiO2 interface and thus improve the proton conductivity of CS/STiO2 nanocomposite membranes. The CS/STiO2 nanocomposite membrane with 5 wt% of sulfonated TiO2 showed a proton conductivity (0.035 S·cm−1) equal to that of commercial Nafion 117 membrane (0.033 S·cm−1). The thermal and mechanical stability of the nanocomposite membranes were improved because the interfacial interaction between the -SO3H group of TiO2 and the –NH2 group of CS can restrict the mobility of CS chains to enhance the thermal and mechanical stability of the nanocomposite membranes. These CS/STiO2 nanocomposite membranes have promising applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Sulfonated Titanium Oxide Incorporated Chitosan Nanocomposite Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

et al. 2021

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“…Because the good dispersion of SWCNTs in the PEEK resin could easily create a thin and uniform transfer film on the counterface. 8,9…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 In recent years, the constant demand of advanced industries for even better-performing materials has however led to the development of PEEK-based nanocomposites, 3,4 where nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been used as reinforcing agents to improve the mechanical, thermal electrical, and lubricating properties of the matrix. 5 –9 However, so far the excellent properties of CNTs have not yet been fully transferred into high strength and stiffness of finished products. Because undispersed primary CNT agglomerates negatively affect the mechanical properties acting as defects in the composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The performances of modified single-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(ether ether ketone) composites prepared by solution blending and melt blending

Wang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

High Performance Polymers

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The modified single-walled carbon nanotubes (m-SWCNTs)/poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composites were prepared by solution blending and melt blending, respectively. The mechanical, dielectric, and frictional performances of the m-SWCNTs/PEEK composites obtained by different processing technic were investigated. The poly(aryl ether ketone)s with pyrene (PAEK-Pys) were synthesized through iridium-catalyzed C−H borylation followed by Suzuki coupling. PAEK-Pys were characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. The polymers were then used for surface modification of pristine SWCNTs. Finally, the m-SWCNTs were used to prepare m-SWCNTs/PEEK composites via co-blending in solution or melt. The mechanical, frictional, and dielectric performance of the m-SWCNTs/PEEK composite by solution blending were better than these in m-SWCNTs/PEEK composite by melt blending. These results suggest that the method of solution blending is more favorable for the dispersion of the SWCNTs in PEEK.

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“…Single cell tests at 150 • C and under anhydrous conditions revealed that the composite membrane had a higher peak power density in comparison to pristine PES-PVP, 166 to 113 mW cm −2 , respectively. The idea of altering the hydrophilicity of the filler material is an interesting technique to improving the performance of the composite membrane.Ahmed et al prepared a chitosan membrane with sulphonated multiwall carbon nanotube filler [201]. As chitosan has a lower proton conductivity than Nafion there is a greater need for using fillers to improve its proton conductivity.…”

Section: Carbon Nanomaterials Fillersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

et al. 2020

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Nafion membranes are still the dominating material used in the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) technologies. They are widely used in several applications thanks to their excellent properties: high proton conductivity and high chemical stability in both oxidation and reduction environment. However, they have several technical challenges: reactants permeability, which results in reduced performance, dependence on water content to perform preventing the operation at higher temperatures or low humidity levels, and chemical degradation. This paper reviews novel composite membranes that have been developed for PEM applications, including direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), hydrogen PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs), and water electrolysers (PEMWEs), aiming at overcoming the drawbacks of the commercial Nafion membranes. It provides a broad overview of the Nafion-based membranes, with organic and inorganic fillers, and non-fluorinated membranes available in the literature for which various main properties (proton conductivity, crossover, maximum power density, and thermal stability) are reported. The studies on composite membranes demonstrate that they are suitable for PEM applications and can potentially compete with Nafion membranes in terms of performance and lifetime.

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Novel sulfonated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes filled chitosan composite membrane for fuel‐cell applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 78 publications

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Sulfonated Titanium Oxide Incorporated Chitosan Nanocomposite Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Sulfonated Titanium Oxide Incorporated Chitosan Nanocomposite Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

The performances of modified single-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(ether ether ketone) composites prepared by solution blending and melt blending

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

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