The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of noble metals is known to improve the efficiency of various processes and devices. The photocatalytic process is the production of fuels and storage of solar photons in chemical bonds without imposing harmful threats to the environment. Photovoltaics are other devices utilizing solar energy for electrical energy. Similarly, other optoelectronic devices like photodetectors absorb photons and convert it into charges via electron–hole dissociation processes. In contrast, light‐emitting optoelectronic devices work based on the phenomenon of charge recombination to produce light. All these devices, however, have efficiency limitations, which impede the application of novel functional materials in these devices. A more direct approach is the utilization of noble metals and their complexes, which significantly enhance the efficiencies of these devices by SPR. This article highlights recent works and applications of noble metals by SPR‐enhanced photocatalysis for hydrogen evolution from water, CO2 conversion into useful compounds, and oxidation of hazardous pollutants. In addition, the plasmon‐enhancement of optoelectronic devices is summarized. Several possible mechanisms that have been previously reported in the literature are discussed in this work, with particular emphasis on different features of these mechanisms involving devices that are not highlighted and therefore need more attention.
In this work, plasmonic Au/SnO2/g‐C3N4 (Au/SO/CN) nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized and applied in the H2 evolution as photocatalysts, which exhibit superior photocatalytic activities and favorable stability without any cocatalyst under visible‐light irradiation. The amount‐optimized 2Au/6SO/CN nanocomposite capable of producing approximately 770 μmol g−1 h−1 H2 gas under λ > 400 nm light illumination far surpasses the H2 gas output of SO/CN (130 μmol g−1), Au/CN (112 μmol g−1 h−1), and CN (11 μmol g−1 h−1) as a contrast. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of 2Au/6SO/CN maintains unchanged for 5 runs in 5 h. The enhanced photoactivity for H2 evolution is attributed to the prominently promoted photogenerated charge separation via the excited electron transfer from plasmonic Au (≈520 nm) and CN (470 nm > λ > 400 nm) to SO, as indicated by the surface photovoltage spectra, photoelectrochemical I–V curves, electrochemical impedance spectra, examination of formed hydroxyl radicals, and photocurrent action spectra. Moreover, the Kelvin probe test indicates that the newly aligned conduction band of SO in the fabricated 2Au/6SO/CN is indispensable to assist developing a proper energy platform for the photocatalytic H2 evolution. This work distinctly provides a feasible strategy to synthesize highly efficient plasmonic‐assisted CN‐based photocatalysts utilized for solar fuel production.
Realization of solar‐driven aerobic organic transformation under atmospheric pressure raises the great challenge for efficiently activating O
2
by tailored photocatalysts. Guided by theoretical calculation, phosphate groups are used to induce the construction of ultrathin Co phthalocyanine/g‐C
3
N
4
heterojunctions (CoPc/P‐CN, ≈4 nm) via strengthened H‐bonding interfacial connection, achieving an unprecedented 14‐time photoactivity improvement for UV–vis aerobic 2,4‐dichlorophenol degradation compared to bulk CN by promoted activation of O
2
. It is validated that more
•
O
2
−
radicals are produced through the improved photoreduction of O
2
by accelerated photoelectron transfer from CN to the ligand of CoPc and then to the abundant single Co–N
4
(II) catalytic sites, as endowed by the matched dimension, intimate interface even at the molecular level, and high CoPc dispersion of resulted heterojunctions. Interestingly, CoPc/P‐CN also exhibits outstanding photoactivities in the aerobic oxidation of aromatic alcohols. This work showcases a feasible route to realize efficient photocatalytic O
2
activation by exploiting the potential of ultrathin metal phthalocyanine (MPc) assemblies with abundant single‐atom sites. More importantly, a universal facile strategy of H‐bonding‐dominating construction of MPc‐involved heterojunctions is successfully established.
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