Novel Phenothiazine‐Based Self‐Assembled Monolayer as a Hole Selective Contact for Highly Efficient and Stable p‐i‐n Perovskite Solar Cells (Adv. Energy Mater. 2/2022)

Monodentate versus Bidentate Anchoring Groups in Self-Assembling Molecules (SAMs) for Robust p–i–n Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The energy values of PTAA and CsMAFA perovskite (Cs 0.05 MA 0.16 FA 0.79 Pb(I 0.84 Br 0.16 ) 3 ) are obtained according to the method published previously in the literature. 21 The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of MC-45, MC-54, and MC-55 were estimated as −5.17, − 5.22, and −5.30 eV, respectively, from the inflection point of their cyclic voltammograms recorded in the solution phase (Figure S1a, SI). Similarly, the measurements done on ITO-SAM electrodes indicate that WF levels have changed and were found as −5.12, −5.16, and −5.26 eV for ITO/MC-45, ITO/MC-54, and ITO/MC-55, respectively (see Figure S1b, SI).…”

“…First, to determine the effect of SAM molecules on the work function (WF) of ITO, cyclic voltammetry (CV) is performed by using a 3-electrode system in solution and on the ITO surface (see the Experimental Section for details), and the results are illustrated schematically in Figure d. The energy values of PTAA and CsMAFA perovskite (Cs 0.05 MA 0.16 FA 0.79 Pb­(I 0.84 Br 0.16 ) 3 ) are obtained according to the method published previously in the literature . The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of MC-45, MC-54, and MC-55 were estimated as −5.17, – 5.22, and −5.30 eV, respectively, from the inflection point of their cyclic voltammograms recorded in the solution phase (Figure S1a, SI).…”

“…In this sense, one of the most widely used hole transport materials in high-efficiency inverted PSCs is poly­[bis­(4-phenyl)­(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)­amine] (PTAA), despite its high-cost production, unstable polymer structure, and low reproducibility. , To get rid of these obstacles to commercialize inverted PSCs, researchers have started to develop new molecules for self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) . SAMs have been previously used to modify transparent conductive oxide (TCO) in organic-based optoelectronic devices. − First reports about the application of SAMs as hole transport layers (HTL) in inverted PSCs were in 2018 by our group and others. , Later, SAMs have been used intensively in perovskite solar cells after being commercially available on the market leading to over 22% in PCE. − As a larger variety of SAMs is needed due to these developments, we synthesized novel SAMs based on bidentate anchoring groups.…”

Self‐assembled monolayers for perovskite solar cells

“…The anchor substrates for SAMs in such cells include FTO, ITO, and NiO x . The types of SAMs encompass CA‐SAMs (MC‐43, 24 TPA, 24 MPA‐Ph‐CA, 96 EADRO3, 97 MPA‐BT‐CA, 98 TQxD, 99 and AC‐5 100 ), SA‐SAMs (CBSA 73 ), siloxane‐SAMs (APTES 101 ), BA‐SAMs (2F‐SAMs and 72 MTPA‐BA 26 ), and PA‐SAMs (V1036, 27 MeO‐2PACz, 102 2PACz, 102 TPT‐P6, 25c Br‐2EPT, 103 Br‐2EPSe, 104 4PADCB, 105 DC‐PA, 106 Me‐4PACz, 107 2PADBC, 108 3PATAT‐C3, 109 Poly‐4PACz, 110 DMAcPA, 111 MPA‐CPA, 8 and MeO‐4PADBC 10 ). Among them, PA‐SAMs are the most promising self‐assembled materials.…”

“…TPT-P6,25c Br-2EPT,103 The application of different SAMs in perovskite single junctions. Cs 0.05 (FA 0.95 MA 0.05 ) 0.95 Pb (I 0.95 Br 0.05 ) 3 /PCBM/C 60 /BCP/Ag ITO/Cs 0.05 (FA 0.95 MA 0.05 ) 0.95 Pb (I 0.95 Br 0.05 ) 3…”