Novel pathway of cypermethrin biodegradation in a Bacillus sp. strain SG2 isolated from cypermethrin-contaminated agriculture field

Abstract

Pesticides belonging to pyrethroid group are widely used in agricultural fields to check pest infestation in different crops for enhanced food production. In spite of beneficial effects, non-judicious use of pesticides imposes harmful effect on human health as their residues reach different food materials and ground water via leaching, percolation and bioaccumulation. Looking into the potential of microbial degradation of toxic compounds under natural environment, a cypermethrin-degrading Bacillus sp. was isolated from pesticide-contaminated soil of a rice field of Distt. Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India. The bacteria degraded the compound up to 81.6 % within 15 days under standard growth conditions (temperature 32 °C pH 7 and shaking at 116 rpm) in minimal medium. Analysis of intermediate compounds of biodegraded cypermethrin revealed that the bacteria opted a new pathway for cypermethrin degradation. GC–MS analysis of biodegraded cypermethrin showed the presence of 4-propylbenzoate, 4-propylbenzaldehyde, phenol M-tert-butyl and 1-dodecanol, etc. which was not reported earlier in cypermethrin metabolism; hence a novel biodegradation pathway of cypermethrin with Bacillus sp. strain SG2 is proposed in this study.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0372-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Isolation, identification, and fenvalerate-degrading potential of Bacillus licheniformis CY-012

“…It has received increasing attention because biodegradation is characterized by the use of mild conditions, high removal efficiency and environmentally friendly activity [9]. Up to the present, including Bacillus [10], Micrococcus [11], Sphingomonas [12], Aspergillus [13] and Pseudomonas [14], etc. have been reported to degrade synthetic pyrethroid pesticides.…”

Degradation of Cypermethrin by Indigenous Bacteria from Contaminated Soil

“…The mixture was shaken for 1 h and filtered using a Buchner funnel The obtained residue was thoroughly washed with 10 mL of acetone and filtered once more. The filtrate was collected in a roundbottom flask [33].…”

“…Cypermethrin could be degraded by using microbes such as bacteria and fungi. Microbial degradation is the most efficient way to decrease of numerous xenobiotic/ recalcitrant compounds, including cypermethrin [34], in a contaminated environment [33]. Several bacteria, such as Pseudomonas sp.…”

Differential expression and characterization of cypermethrin-degrading potential proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis strain, SG4

“…Resistance to cypermethrin (developed quickly in insects exposed frequently to this chemical) renders it ineffective in insects. It readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, enters the brain and eventually leads to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rats after prolonged exposure (Tiwari et al 2010 ; Singh and Singh 2011 ; Pankaj et al 2016 ). Cypermethrin induces the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in adults.…”